Development of 2nd generation aminomethyl spectinomycins that overcome native efflux in Mycobacterium abscessus

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Phelps, Gregory A.; Cheramie, Martin N.; Fernando, Dinesh M.; Selchow, Petra; Meyer, Christopher J.; Waidyarachchi, Samanthi L.; Dharuman, Suresh; Liu, Jiuyu; Meuli, Michael; Dal Molin, Michael; Killam, Benjamin Y.; Murphy, Patricia A.; Reeve, Stephanie M.; Wilt, Laura A.; Anderson, Shelby M.; Yang, Lei; Lee, Robin B.; Temrikar, Zaid H.; Lukka, Pradeep B.; Meibohm, Bernd; Polikanov, Yury S.; Hobbie, Sven N.; Bottger, Erik C.; Sander, Peter; Lee, Richard E.
• 署名单位: St Jude Children's Research Hospital; St Jude Children's Research Hospital; University of Zurich; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Cologne
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-13754
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314101120
• 发表日期: 2024-01-09
• 关键词: transfer-rna accommodation; clarithromycin resistance; antituberculosis agents; structural basis; messenger-rna; susceptibility; tuberculosis; spectinamides; insights; program

摘要

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab), a nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species, is an emerging pathogen with high intrinsic drug resistance. Current standard- of- care therapy results in poor outcomes, demonstrating the urgent need to develop effective antimycobacterial regimens. Through synthetic modification of spectinomycin (SPC), we have identified a distinct structural subclass of N- ethylene linked aminomethyl SPCs (eAmSPCs) that are up to 64- fold more potent against Mab over the parent SPC. Mechanism of action and crystallography studies demonstrate that the eAmSPCs display a mode of ribosomal inhibition consistent with SPC. However, they exert their increased antimicrobial activity through enhanced accumulation, largely by circumventing efflux mechanisms. The N- ethylene linkage within this series plays a critical role in avoiding TetV- mediated efflux, as lead eAmSPC 2593 displays a mere fourfold susceptibility improvement against Mab Delta tetV, in contrast to the 64- fold increase for SPC. Even a minor shortening of the linkage by a single carbon, akin to 1st generation AmSPC 1950, results in a substantial increase in MICs and a 16- fold rise in susceptibility against Mab Delta tetV. These shifts suggest that longer linkages might modify the kinetics of drug expulsion by TetV, ultimately shifting the equilibrium towards heightened intracellular concentrations and enhanced antimicrobial efficacy. Furthermore, lead eAmSPCs were also shown to synergize with various classes of anti- Mab antibiotics and retain activity against clinical isolates and other mycobacterial strains. Encouraging pharmacokinetic profiles coupled with robust efficacy in Mab murine infection models suggest that eAmSPCs hold the potential to be developed into treatments for Mab and other NTM infections.