Cognitive reflection is a distinct and measurable trait

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Meyer, Andrew; Attali, Yigal; Bar-Hillel, Maya; Frederick, Shane; Kahneman, Daniel
• 署名单位: Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Yale University; Princeton University
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-13415
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2409191121
• 发表日期: 2024-12-03
• 关键词: performance; heuristics; numeracy; thinking

摘要

We report the findings of an adversarial collaboration examining whether the cognitive reflection test (CRT) measures anything beyond mathematical aptitude and, if so, whether its incremental predictive validity can be attributed to reflection, per se. We found that an 8-item CRT has greater predictive validity than an 8-item Mathematical Aptitude Test (MAT) consisting of comparably difficult items which lack dominant intuitive lures. Further, the incremental predictive validity stems from the CRT's measurement of reflection, which we show using both structural equation models and a dual-response paradigm that helps distinguish susceptibility to intuitions from inadequate mathematical aptitude.