Atomic- engineered gradient tunable solid- state metamaterials

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Yan, Zhiyuan; Handoko, Albertus Denny; Wu, Weikang; Yang, Chuchu; Wang, Hao; Yilmaz, Meltem; Zhang, Zhiyong; Cheng, Libo; Cheng, Xinbin; Ho, Ghim Wei; Feng, Bin; Shibata, Naoya; Zhao, Rong; Yang, Joel K. W.; Chong, Chong Tow; Ikuhara, Yuichi; Qiu, Cheng - Wei
• 署名单位: National University of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); A*STAR - Institute of Materials Research & Engineering (IMRE); Shandong University; University of Tokyo; Singapore University of Technology & Design; University of London; University College London; Tongji University; Tsinghua University; National University of Singapore
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-13218
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2408974121
• 发表日期: 2024-09-24

摘要

Metamaterial has been captivated a popular notion, offering photonic functionalities beyond the capabilities of natural materials. Its desirable functionality primarily relies on well- controlled conditions such as structural resonance, dispersion, geometry, filling fraction, external actuation, etc. However, its fundamental building blocks-meta- atoms-still rely on naturally occurring substances. Here, we propose and validate the concept of gradient and reversible atomic- engineered metamaterials (GRAM), which represents a platform for continuously tunable solid metaphotonics by atomic manipulation. GRAM consists of an atomic heterogenous interface of amorphous host and noble metals at the bottom, and the top interface was designed to facilitate the reversible movement of foreign atoms. Continuous and reversible changes in GRAM's refractive index and atomic structures are observed in the presence of a thermal field. We achieve multiple optical states of GRAM at varying temperature and time and demonstrate GRAM- based tunable nanophotonic devices in the visible spectrum. Further, high- efficiency and programmable laser raster- scanning patterns can be locally controlled by adjusting power and speed, without any mask- assisted or complex nanofabrication. Our approach casts a distinct, multilevel, and reversible postfabrication recipe to modify a solid material's properties at the atomic scale, opening avenues for optical materials engineering, information storage, display, and encryption, as well as advanced thermal optics and photonics.