Species- wide inventory of Arabidopsis thaliana organellar variation reveals ample phenotypic variation for photosynthetic performance

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Theeuwen, Tom P. J. M.; Wijfjes, Raul Y.; Dorussen, Delfi; Lawson, Aaron W.; Lind, Jorrit; Jin, Kaining; Boekeloo, Janhenk; Tijink, Dillian; Hall, David; Hanhart, Corrie; Becker, Frank F. M.; van Eeuwijk, Fred A.; Kramer, David M.; Wijnker, Erik; Harbinson, Jeremy; Koornneef, Maarten; Aarts, Mark G. M.
• 署名单位: Wageningen University & Research; Wageningen University & Research; Michigan State University; Wageningen University & Research; Wageningen University & Research; University of Munich; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; Max Planck Society; Wageningen University & Research; Wageningen University & Research
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-12986
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2414024121
• 发表日期: 2024-12-03
• 关键词: natural genetic-variation; plant mitochondrial; genomes; nuclear; chloroplast; association; populations; adaptation; heterosis; DYNAMICS

摘要

Efforts to improve photosynthetic performance are increasingly employing natural genetic variation. However, genetic variation in the organellar genomes (plasmotypes) is often disregarded due to the difficulty of studying the plasmotypes and the lack of evidence that this is a worthwhile investment. Here, we systematically phenotyped plasmotype diversity using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model species. A reanalysis of whole- genome resequencing data of 1,541 representative accessions shows that the genetic diversity among the mitochondrial genomes is eight times lower than among the chloroplast genomes. Plasmotype diversity of the accessions divides the species into two major phylogenetic clusters, within which highly divergent subclusters are distinguished. We combined plasmotypes from 60 A. thaliana accessions with the nuclear genomes (nucleotypes) of four A. thaliana accessions to create a panel of 232 cytonuclear genotypes (cybrids). The cybrid plants were grown in a range of different light and temperature conditions and phenotyped using high- throughput phenotyping platforms. Analysis of the phenotypes showed that several plasmotypes alone or in interaction with the nucleotypes have significant effects on photosynthesis and that the effects are highly dependent on the environment. Moreover, we introduce Plasmotype Association Studies (PAS) as a method to reveal plasmotypic effects. Within A. thaliana, several organellar variants can influence photosynthetic phenotypes, which emphasizes the valuable role this variation has on improving photosynthetic performance. The increasing feasibility of producing cybrids in various species calls for further research into how these phenotypes may support breeding goals in crop species.