Phenomenology of transition to quantum turbulence in flows of superfluid helium

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Skrbek, Ladislav; Schmoranzer, David; Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
• 署名单位: Charles University Prague; New York University; New York University Tandon School of Engineering
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-12835
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302256121
• 发表日期: 2024-03-19
• 关键词: quartz tuning fork; liquid-helium; mutual friction; heat current; vortex turbulence; he-4; laminar; temperatures; oscillations; instability

摘要

Transition from laminar to turbulent states of classical viscous fluids is complex and incompletely understood. Transition to quantum turbulence (QT), by which we mean the turbulent motion of quantum fluids such as helium II, whose physical properties depend on quantum physics in some crucial respects, is naturally more complex. This increased complexity arises from superfluidity, quantization of circulation, and, at finite temperatures below the critical, the two -fluid behavior. Transition to QT could involve, as an initial step, the transition of the classical component, or the intrinsic or extrinsic nucleation of quantized vortices in the superfluid component, or a simultaneous occurrence of both scenarios-and the subsequent interconnected evolution. In spite of the multiplicity of scenarios, aspects of transition to QT can be understood at a phenomenological level on the basis of some general principles, and compared meaningfully with transition in classical flows.