Natural variation of immune epitopes reveals intrabacterial

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Stevens, Danielle M.; Moreno-Perez, Alba; Weisberg, Alexandra J.; Ramsing, Charis; Fliegmann, Judith; Zhang, Ning; Madrigal, Melanie; Martin, Gregory; Steinbrenner, Adam; Felix, Georg; Coaker, Gitta
• 署名单位: University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; Oregon State University; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Cornell University; Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research; Cornell University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-12356
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319499121
• 发表日期: 2024-05-28
• 关键词: cold shock proteins; ef-tu; innate immunity; bacterial; perception; flagellin; responses; activation; resistance; signatures

摘要

Plants and animals detect biomolecules termed microbe - associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and induce immunity. Agricultural production is severely impacted by pathogens which can be controlled by transferring immune receptors. However, most studies use a single MAMP epitope and the impact of diverse multicopy MAMPs on immune induction is unknown. Here, we characterized the epitope landscape from five proteinaceous MAMPs across 4,228 plant - associated bacterial genomes. Despite the diversity sampled, natural variation was constrained and experimentally testable. Immune perception in both Arabidopsis and tomato depended on both epitope sequence and copy number variation. For example, Elongation Factor Tu is predominantly single copy, and 92% of its epitopes are immunogenic. Conversely, 99.9% of bacterial genomes contain multiple cold shock proteins, and 46% carry a nonimmunogenic form. We uncovered a mechanism for immune evasion, intrabacterial antagonism, where a nonimmunogenic cold shock protein blocks perception of immunogenic forms encoded in the same genome. These data will lay the foundation for immune receptor deployment and engineering based on natural variation.