The planetary commons: A new paradigm for safeguarding Earth- regulating systems in the Anthropocene

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Rockstroem, Johan; Kotze, Louis; Milutinovic, Svetlana; Biermann, Frank; Brovkin, Victor; Donges, Jonathan; Ebbesson, Jonas; French, Duncan; Gupta, Joyeeta; Kim, Rakhyun; Lenton, Timothy; Lenzi, Dominic; Nakicenovic, Nebojsa; Neumann, Barbara; Schuppert, Fabian; Winkelmann, Ricarda; Bosselmann, Klaus; Folke, Carl; Lucht, Wolfgang; Schlosberg, David; Richardson, Katherine; Steffen, Will
• 署名单位: Potsdam Institut fur Klimafolgenforschung; University of Potsdam; Stockholm University; North West University - South Africa; University of Lincoln; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Potsdam GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences; Utrecht University; Max Planck Society; Stockholm University; University of Lincoln; University of Amsterdam; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education; University of Exeter; University of Twente; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Technische Universitat Wien; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Potsdam GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences; University of Potsdam; Max Planck Society; University of Auckland; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics; Humboldt University of Berlin; University of Sydney; University of Copenhagen; Australian National University
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-11664
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301531121
• 发表日期: 2024-01-30
• 关键词: global commons; nested governance; tipping elements; climate club; sustainability; DYNAMICS; tragedy; LESSONS; JUSTICE

摘要

The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no- analogue tra-jectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems on Earth upon which the world collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions of the Earth system irrespective of national boundaries. We propose a new framework-the planetary commons-which differs from the global commons frame-work by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive stewardship obligations through Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.