Isolation, characterization, and circulation sphere of a filovirus in fruit bats

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: He, Biao; Hu, Tingsong; Yan, Xiaomin; Pa, Yanhui; Liu, Yuhang; Liu, Yang; Li, Nan; Yu, Jing; Zhang, Hailin; Liu, Yonghua; Chai, Jun; Sun, Yue; Mi, Shijiang; Liu, Yan; Yi, Le; Tu, Zhongzhong; Wang, Yiyin; Sun, Sheng; Feng, Ye; Zhang, Wendong; Zhao, Huanyun; Duan, Bofang; Gong, Wenjie; Zhang, Fuqiang; Tu, Changchun
• 署名单位: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Yunnan Institute for Endemic Disease Control & Prevention; Yunnan Agricultural University; Jilin University; Yangzhou University
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-11407
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313789121
• 发表日期: 2024-02-13
• 关键词: ebola-virus antibodies; reston-ebolavirus; requires; entry; cell

摘要

Bats are associated with the circulation of most mammalian filoviruses (FiVs), with pathogenic ones frequently causing deadly hemorrhagic fevers in Africa. Divergent FiVs have been uncovered in Chinese bats, raising concerns about their threat to public health. Here, we describe a long-term surveillance to track bat FiVs at orchards, eventually resulting in the identification and isolation of a FiV, Dehong virus (DEHV), from Rousettus leschenaultii bats. DEHV has a typical filovirus-like morphology with a wide spectrum of cell tropism. Its entry into cells depends on the engagement of Niemann-Pick C1, and its replication is inhibited by remdesivir. DEHV has the largest genome size of filoviruses, with phylogenetic analysis placing it between the genera Dianlovirus and Orthomarburgvirus, suggesting its classification as the prototype of a new genus within the family Filoviridae. The continuous detection of viral RNA in the serological survey, together with the wide host distribution, has revealed that the region covering southern Yunnan, China, and bordering areas is a natural circulation sphere for bat FiVs. These emphasize the need for a better understanding of the pathogenicity and potential risk of FiVs in the region. Significance Filoviruses (FiVs) often trigger devastating infectious diseases in Africa, but their natural origin and distribution remain largely unclear, though bats are deeply associated with their circulation. This study reports the identification of a FiV (DEHV) in Chinese fruit bats following a decade of active tracking, further adding evidence that bats are natural hosts for certain FiV lineages. DEHV is significantly distinct from other FiVs in genomic features and phylogeny, expanding the genetic diversity of FiVs in the world. Especially, the virus was repetitively detected at an orchard next to a human settlement, but no associated diseases have ever been reported. The isolation of DEHV provides an invaluable resource to develop control measures for FiV- associated diseases.