Genomic ancestry and social dynamics of the last hunter- gatherers of Atlantic France

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Simoes, Luciana G.; Stjerna, Rita Peyroteo-; Marchand, Gregor; Bernhardsson, Carolina; Vialet, Amelie; Chetty, Darshan; Alacamli, Erkin; Edlund, Hanna; Bouquin, Denis; Dina, Christian; Garmond, Nicolas; Gunther, Torsten; Jakobsson, Mattias
• 署名单位: Uppsala University; University of Gothenburg; Linnaeus University; Universidade de Lisboa; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Rennes; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Universite Bourgogne Europe; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Humanities & Social Sciences (INSHS); Nantes Universite; CHU de Nantes; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-10722
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310545121
• 发表日期: 2024-02-26
• 关键词: early farmers; ancient; HISTORY; populations; diversity; origin

摘要

Since the early Holocene, western and central Europe was inhabited by a genetically distinct group of Western Hunter- Gatherers (WHGs). This group was eventually replaced and assimilated by the incoming Neolithic farmers. The western Atlantic fa & ccedil;ade was home to some of the last Mesolithic sites of mainland Europe, represented by the iconic open - air sites at Hoedic and T & eacute;viec in southern Brittany, France. These sites are known for the unusually well- preserved and rich burials. Genomic studies of Mesolithic European hunter- gatherers have been limited to single or a few individuals per site and our understanding of the social dynamics of the last Mesolithic hunter- gatherers of Europe and their interactions with incoming farmers is limited. We sequenced and analyzed the complete genomes of 10 individuals from the Late Mesolithic sites of Hoedic, T & eacute;viec, and Champigny, in France, four of which sequenced to between 23and 8 - times genome coverage. The analysis of genomic, chronological and dietary data revealed that the Late Mesolithic populations in Brittany maintained distinct social units within a network of exchanging mates. This resulted in low intra-group biological relatedness that prevented consanguineous mating, despite the small population size of the Late Mesolithic groups. We found no genetic ancestry from Neolithic farmers in the analyzed hunter- gatherers, even though some of them may have coexisted with the first farming groups in neighboring regions. Hence, contrary to previous conclusions based on stable isotope data from the same sites, the Late Mesolithic forager community was limited in mate- exchange to neighboring hunter- gatherer groups, to the exclusion of Neolithic farmers.