The long-term impact of debt relief for indigent defendants in a misdemeanor court

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bing, Lindsay; Goldstein, Rebecca; Ho, Helen; Pager, Devah; Western, Bruce
• 署名单位: University of Alberta; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University; Columbia University
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-9703
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2415066121
• 发表日期: 2024-12-09
• 关键词: monetary sanctions; regression adjustments; fines

摘要

US courts regularly assess fines, fees, and costs against criminal defendants. Court- related debt can cause continuing court involvement and incarceration, not because of new crimes, but because of unpaid financial obligations. We conducted an experiment with 606 people found guilty of misdemeanors in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma. Study participants were randomly selected to receive relief from all current and prior fines and fees assessed for criminal charges in the county. Fee relief reduced jail bookings 21 mo after randomization and the effect persisted over 44 mo of follow-up. Although fee relief reduced incarceration, financial sanctions had no effect on indicators of lawbreaking. Instead, the control group (who obtained no relief from fines and fees) were rearrested at significantly higher rates because of open arrest warrants for nonpayment. These results indicate the long-term and criminalizing effects of legal debt, supporting claims that financial sanctions disproportionately harm low-income defendants while contributing little to public safety.