Integrative neurocircuits that control metabolism and food intake

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Bruening, Jens C.; Fenselau, Henning
• 署名单位: University of Cologne; University of Cologne; University of Cologne; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-11673
• DOI: 10.1126/science.abl7398
• 发表日期: 2023-09-29
• 页码: 1426-+
• 关键词: vagal sensory neurons; peptide-1 receptor; pomc neurons; hypothalamic inflammation; distinct populations; neural circuit; cephalic phase; agrp neurons; body-weight; leptin

摘要

Systemic metabolism has to be constantly adjusted to the variance of food intake and even be prepared for anticipated changes in nutrient availability. Therefore, the brain integrates multiple homeostatic signals with numerous cues that predict future deviations in energy supply. Recently, our understanding of the neural pathways underlying these regulatory principles-as well as their convergence in the hypothalamus as the key coordinator of food intake, energy expenditure, and glucose metabolism-have been revealed. These advances have changed our view of brain-dependent control of metabolic physiology. In this Review, we discuss new concepts about how alterations in these pathways contribute to the development of prevalent metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and how this emerging knowledge may provide new targets for their treatment.