Deep-time paleogenomics and the limits of DNA survival

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Dalen, Love; Heintzman, Peter D.; Kapp, Joshua D.
• 署名单位: Swedish Museum of Natural History; Stockholm University; Swedish Museum of Natural History; Stockholm University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-10039
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adh7943
• 发表日期: 2023-10-06
• 页码: 48-53
• 关键词: mitochondrial genome sequence; middle; EVOLUTION; admixture; patterns; reveal; access; polar; bears

摘要

Although most ancient DNA studies have focused on the last 50,000 years, paleogenomic approaches can now reach into the early Pleistocene, an epoch of repeated environmental changes that shaped present-day biodiversity. Emerging deep-time genomic transects, including from DNA preserved in sediments, will enable inference of adaptive evolution, discovery of unrecognized species, and exploration of how glaciations, volcanism, and paleomagnetic reversals shaped demography and community composition. In this Review, we explore the state-of-the-art in paleogenomics and discuss key challenges, including technical limitations, evolutionary divergence and associated biases, and the need for more precise dating of remains and sediments. We conclude that with improvements in laboratory and computational methods, the emerging field of deep-time paleogenomics will expand the range of questions addressable using ancient DNA.