BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Fromsa, Abebe; Willgert, Katriina; Srinivasan, Sreenidhi; Mekonnen, Getnet; Bedada, Wegene; Gumi, Balako; Lakew, Matios; Tadesse, Biniam; Bayissa, Berecha; Sirak, Asegedech; Girma Abdela, Musse; Gebre, Solomon; Chibssa, Tesfaye; Veerasami, Maroudam; Vordermeier, H. Martin; Bakker, Douwe; Berg, Stefan; Ameni, Gobena; Juleff, Nick; de Jong, Mart C. M.; Wood, James; Conlan, Andrew; Kapur, Vivek
• 署名单位: Addis Ababa University; Addis Ababa University; University of Cambridge; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Henry Ford Health System; Animal & Plant Health Agency UK; Complutense University of Madrid; United Arab Emirates University; Leibniz Association; Bernhard Nocht Institut fur Tropenmedizin
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-13858
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adl3962
• 发表日期: 2024-03-29
• 关键词: skin-test; eradication; quantification; PREVALENCE; DESIGN; tests

摘要

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a routinely used vaccine for protecting children against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that comprises attenuated Mycobacterium bovis. BCG can also be used to protect livestock against M. bovis; however, its effectiveness has not been quantified for this use. We performed a natural transmission experiment to directly estimate the rate of transmission to and from vaccinated and unvaccinated calves over a 1-year exposure period. The results show a higher indirect efficacy of BCG to reduce transmission from vaccinated animals that subsequently become infected [74%; 95% credible interval (CrI): 46 to 98%] compared with direct protection against infection (58%; 95% CrI: 34 to 73%) and an estimated total efficacy of 89% (95% CrI: 74 to 96%). A mechanistic transmission model of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) spread within the Ethiopian dairy sector was developed and showed how the prospects for elimination may be enabled by routine BCG vaccination of cattle.