Structural disorder determines capacitance in nanoporous carbons

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Liu, Xinyu; Lyu, Dongxun; Merlet, Celine; Leesmith, Matthew J. A.; Hua, Xiao; Xu, Zhen; Grey, Clare P.; Forse, Alexander C.
• 署名单位: University of Cambridge; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (ComUE); Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Chemistry (INC); Lancaster University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-10602
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adn6242
• 发表日期: 2024-04-19
• 页码: 321-325
• 关键词: molecular-force field; supercapacitor electrodes; porous carbons; pore-size; DYNAMICS; graphene; insights; storage; surface

摘要

The difficulty in characterizing the complex structures of nanoporous carbon electrodes has led to a lack of clear design principles with which to improve supercapacitors. Pore size has long been considered the main lever to improve capacitance. However, our evaluation of a large series of commercial nanoporous carbons finds a lack of correlation between pore size and capacitance. Instead, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements and simulations reveal a strong correlation between structural disorder in the electrodes and capacitance. More disordered carbons with smaller graphene-like domains show higher capacitances owing to the more efficient storage of ions in their nanopores. Our findings suggest ways to understand and exploit disorder to achieve highly energy-dense supercapacitors.