Momentum-exchange interactions in a Bragg atom interferometer suppress Doppler dephasing

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Luo, Chengyi; Zhang, Haoqing; Koh, Vanessa P. W.; Wilson, John D.; Chu, Anjun; Holland, Murray J.; Rey, Ana Maria; Thompson, James K.
• 署名单位: University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) - USA; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-11436
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adi1393
• 发表日期: 2024-05-03
• 页码: 551-556
• 关键词: edge states; gas; entanglement; fermions

摘要

Large ensembles of laser-cooled atoms interacting through infinite-range photon-mediated interactions are powerful platforms for quantum simulation and sensing. Here we realize momentum-exchange interactions in which pairs of atoms exchange their momentum states by collective emission and absorption of photons from a common cavity mode, a process equivalent to a spin-exchange or XX collective Heisenberg interaction. The momentum-exchange interaction leads to an observed all-to-all Ising-like interaction in a matter-wave interferometer. A many-body energy gap also emerges, effectively binding interferometer matter-wave packets together to suppress Doppler dephasing in analogy to M & ouml;ssbauer spectroscopy. The tunable momentum-exchange interaction expands the capabilities of quantum interaction-enhanced matter-wave interferometry and may enable the realization of exotic behaviors, including simulations of superconductors and dynamical gauge fields.