MAYEX is an old long noncoding RNA recruited for X chromosome dosage compensation in a reptile

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Tenorio, Mariela; Cruz-Ruiz, Samantha; Encarnacion-Guevara, Sergio; Hernandez, Magdalena; Corona-Gomez, Jose Antonio; Sheccid-Santiago, Fania; Serwatowska, Joanna; Lopez-Perdomo, Sinai; Flores-Aguirre, Cynthia D.; Arenas-Moreno, Diego M.; Ossiboff, Robert J.; Mendez-de-la-Cruz, Fausto; Fernandez-Valverde, Selene L.; Zurita, Mario; Oktaba, Katarzyna; Cortez, Diego
• 署名单位: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; CINVESTAV - Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional; Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-12437
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adp1932
• 发表日期: 2024-09-20
• 页码: 1347-1354
• 关键词: green anole; alignment; mechanisms; platform; genes

摘要

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential regulatory elements of sex chromosomes that act to equalize gene expression levels between males and females. XIST, RSX, and roX2 regulate X chromosomes in placental mammals, marsupials, and Drosophila, respectively. Because the green anole (Anolis carolinensis) shows complete dosage compensation of its X chromosome, we tested whether a lncRNA was involved. We found an ancient lncRNA, MAYEX, that gained male-specific expression more than 89 million years ago. MAYEX evolved a notable association with the acetylated histone 4 lysine 16 (H4K16ac) epigenetic mark and the ability to loop its locus to the totality of the X chromosome to increase expression levels. MAYEX is the first lncRNA in reptiles linked to a dosage compensation mechanism that balances the expression of sex chromosomes.