Advances and shortfalls in knowledge of Antarctic terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Pertierra, L. R.; Convey, P.; Barbosa, A.; Biersma, E. M.; Cowan, D.; Diniz-Filho, J. A. F.; de los Rios, A.; Escribano-alvarez, P.; Fraser, C. I.; Fontaneto, D.; Greve, M.; Griffiths, H. J.; Harris, M.; Hughes, K. A.; Lynch, H. J.; Ladle, R. J.; Liu, X. P.; le Roux, P. C.; Majewska, R.; Molina-Montenegro, M. A.; Peck, L. S.; Quesada, A.; Ronquillo, C.; Ropert-Coudert, Y.; Sancho, L. G.; Terauds, A.; Varliero, G.; Vianna, J. A.; Wilmotte, A.; Chown, S. L.; Olalla-Tarraga, M. a.; Hortal, J.
• 署名单位: Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; University of Pretoria; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN); UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC British Antarctic Survey; University of Johannesburg; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN); University of Copenhagen; University of Pretoria; Universidade Federal de Goias; Universidade Federal de Goias; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN); University of Otago; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque (IRSA-CNR); National Biodiversity Future Center; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Universidade Federal de Alagoas; Nord University; North West University - South Africa; Autonomous University of Madrid; Complutense University of Madrid; Australian Antarctic Division; Queensland University of Technology (QUT); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; University of Liege; Monash University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-12178
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adk2118
• 发表日期: 2025-02-07
• 页码: 609-615
• 关键词: summer activity patterns; biotic interactions; diversity; climate; tolerance; LIFE; identify; lichens; valley; scale

摘要

Antarctica harbors many distinctive features of life, yet much about the diversity and functioning of Antarctica's life remains unknown. Evolutionary histories and functional ecology are well understood only for vertebrates, whereas research on invertebrates is largely limited to species descriptions and some studies on environmental tolerances. Knowledge on Antarctic vegetation cover showcases the challenges of characterizing population trends for most groups. Recent community-level microbial studies have provided insights into the functioning of life at its limits. Overall, biotic interactions remain largely unknown across all groups, restricted to basic information on trophic level placement. Insufficient knowledge of many groups limits the understanding of ecological processes on the continent. Remedies for the current situation rely on identifying the caveats of each ecological discipline and finding targeted solutions. Such precise delimitation of knowledge gaps will enable a more aware, representative, and strategic systematic conservation planning of Antarctica.