Mesozoic mammaliaforms illuminate the origins of pelage coloration

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Li, Ruoshuang; D'Alba, Liliana; Debruyn, Gerben; Dobson, Jessica L.; Zhou, Chang-Fu; Clarke, Julia A.; Vinther, Jakob; Li, Quanguo; Shawkey, Matthew D.
• 署名单位: China University of Geosciences; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Ghent University; Shandong University of Science & Technology; Shenyang Normal University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Bristol
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-9534
• DOI: 10.1126/science.ads9734
• 发表日期: 2025-03-14
• 页码: 1193-1198
• 关键词: evolution; mammals; melanin; divergence; dinosaur; predicts; pigment; ear

摘要

Pelage coloration, which serves numerous functions, is crucial to the evolution of behavior, physiology, and habitat preferences of mammals. However, little is known about the coloration of Mesozoic mammaliaforms that coevolved with dinosaurs. In this study, we used a dataset of melanosome (melanin-containing organelle) morphology and quantitatively measured hair colors from 116 extant mammals to reliably reconstruct the coloration of six Mesozoic mammaliaforms, including a previously undescribed euharamiyidan. Unlike the highly diverse melanosomes discovered in feathered dinosaurs, hairs in six mammaliaforms of different lineages and diverse ecomorphotypes showed uniform melanosome geometry, corresponding to dark-brown coloration consistent with crypsis and nocturnality. Our results suggest that the melanosome variation and color expansion seen in extant mammals may have occurred during their rapid radiation and diversification after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction.