Observation of generalized t-J spin dynamics with tunable dipolar interactions

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Carroll, Annette N.; Hirzler, Henrik; Miller, Calder; Wellnitz, David; Muleady, Sean R.; Lin, Junyu; Zamarski, Krzysztof P.; Wang, Reuben R. W.; Bohn, John L.; Rey, Ana Maria; Ye, Jun
• 署名单位: University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) - USA; National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) - USA; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Innsbruck; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Smithsonian Institution; Harvard University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-11140
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adq0911
• 发表日期: 2025-04-25
• 页码: 381-386
• 关键词: reactive molecules; polar-molecules; quantum; evaporation; fermions

摘要

Long-range and anisotropic dipolar interactions profoundly modify the dynamics of particles hopping in a periodic lattice potential. We report the realization of a generalized t-J model with dipolar interactions using a system of ultracold fermionic molecules with spin encoded in the two lowest rotational states. We independently tuned the dipolar Ising and spin-exchange couplings and the molecular motion and studied their interplay on coherent spin dynamics. Using Ramsey spectroscopy, we observed and modeled interaction-driven contrast decay that depends strongly both on the strength of the anisotropy between Ising and spin-exchange couplings and on motion. This study paves the way for future exploration of kinetic spin dynamics and quantum magnetism with highly tunable molecular platforms in regimes that are challenging for existing numerical and analytical methods.