Genomic diversity of the African malaria vector Anopheles funestus

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bodde, Marilou; Nwezeobi, Joachim; Korlevic, Petra; Makunin, Alex; Akone-Ella, Ousman; Barasa, Sonia; Gadji, Mahamat; Hart, Lee; Kaindoa, Emmanuel W.; Love, Katie; Lucas, Eric R.; Lujumba, Ibra; Maquina, Mara; Nagi, Sanjay C.; Odero, Joel O.; Polo, Brian; Sangbakembi, Claire; Dadzie, Samuel; Koekemoer, Lizette L.; Kwiatkowski, Dominic; McAlister, Erica; Ochomo, Eric; Okumu, Fredros; Paaijmans, Krijn; Tchouassi, David P.; Wondji, Charles S.; Ayala, Diego; Durbin, Richard; Miles, Alistair; Lawniczak, Mara K. N.
• 署名单位: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Pasteur Network; Institut Pasteur Madagascar; Kenya Medical Research Institute; Ifakara Health Institute; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine; Centro de Investigacao em Saude de Manhica; University of Ghana; University of Witwatersrand; Natural History Museum London; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; International Centre of Insect Physiology & Ecology (ICIPE); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montpellier; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); University of Cambridge
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-11928
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adu3596
• 发表日期: 2025-09-18
• 关键词: de-novo identification; incipient speciation; chromosomal differentiation; insecticide resistance; dieldrin resistance; molecular-biology; sodium-channels; gaba receptor; gene flow; gambiae

摘要

Anopheles funestus s.s. is a major human malaria vector across Africa. To study its evolution, especially under vector control pressure, we sequenced 656 modern specimens (collected 2014 to 2018) and 45 historic specimens (collected 1927 to 1967) from 16 African countries. Despite high genetic diversity, the species shows stable but considerable continental population structure. Although one population showed little differentiation over a century and 4000 kilometers, nearby, we found two genetically distinct ecotypes. Vector control has resulted in strong signals of selection, with some resistance alleles shared across populations through gene flow and others arising independently. Fortunately, we found that a promising gene drive target in Anopheles gambiae is highly conserved in An. funestus. These insights will enable more strategic insecticide usage and gene drive deployment, supporting malaria elimination.