Farmed fur animals harbour viruses with zoonotic spillover potential

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Zhao, Jin; Wan, Wenbo; Yu, Kang; Lemey, Philippe; Pettersson, John H. -O.; Bi, Yuhai; Lu, Meng; Li, Xinxin; Chen, Zhuohang; Zheng, Mengdi; Yan, Ge; Dai, Jianjun; Li, Yuxing; Haerheng, Ayidana; He, Na; Tu, Changchun; Suchard, Marc A.; Holmes, Edward C.; He, Wan-Ting; Su, Shuo
• 署名单位: Fudan University; China Pharmaceutical University; KU Leuven; Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Uppsala University Hospital; University of Melbourne; Peter Doherty Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Microbiology, CAS; Nanjing Agricultural University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of Sydney
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-5025
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07901-3
• 发表日期: 2024-10-24
• 关键词: red foxes; CORONAVIRUS; alignment; recombination

摘要

Animals such as raccoon dogs, mink and muskrats are farmed for fur and are sometimes used as food or medicinal products1,2, yet they are also potential reservoirs of emerging pathogens3. Here we performed single-sample metatranscriptomic sequencing of internal tissues from 461 individual fur animals that were found dead due to disease. We characterized 125 virus species, including 36 that were novel and 39 at potentially high risk of cross-species transmission, including zoonotic spillover. Notably, we identified seven species of coronaviruses, expanding their known host range, and documented the cross-species transmission of a novel canine respiratory coronavirus to raccoon dogs and of bat HKU5-like coronaviruses to mink, present at a high abundance in lung tissues. Three subtypes of influenza A virus-H1N2, H5N6 and H6N2-were detected in the lungs of guinea pig, mink and muskrat, respectively. Multiple known zoonotic viruses, such as Japanese encephalitis virus and mammalian orthoreovirus4,5, were detected in guinea pigs. Raccoon dogs and mink carried the highest number of potentially high-risk viruses, while viruses from the Coronaviridae, Paramyxoviridae and Sedoreoviridae families commonly infected multiple hosts. These data also reveal potential virus transmission between farmed animals and wild animals, and from humans to farmed animals, indicating that fur farming represents an important transmission hub for viral zoonoses. Fur farming represents an important hub of cross-species transmission for viral zoonoses.