Impurity-healing interface engineering for efficient perovskite submodules

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Wang, Haifei; Su, Shuojian; Chen, Yuetian; Ren, Meng; Wang, Shaowei; Wang, Yao; Zhu, Chen; Miao, Yanfeng; Ouyang, Chuying; Zhao, Yixin
• 署名单位: Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Jiangxi Normal University
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-5430
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08073-w
• 发表日期: 2024-10-31
• 页码: 1091-1095
• 关键词: solar-cells; crystallization; passivation; contacts; layers

摘要

An issue that affects the scaling-up development of perovskite photovoltaics is the marked efficiency drop when enlarging the device area, caused by the inhomogeneous distribution of defected sites1-3. In the narrow band gap formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3), the native impurities of PbI2 and delta-FAPbI3 non-perovskite could induce unfavoured non-radiative recombination, as well as inferior charge transport and extraction4,5. Here we develop an impurity-healing interface engineering strategy to address the issue in small-area solar cells and large-scale submodules. With the introduction of a functional cation, 2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl ammonium, two-dimensional perovskite with high mobility is rationally constructed on FAPbI3 to horizontally cover the film surface and to vertically penetrate the grain boundaries of three-dimensional perovskites. This unique configuration not only comprehensively transforms the PbI2 and delta-FAPbI3 impurities into stable two-dimensional perovskite and realizes uniform defect passivation but also provides interconnecting channels for efficient carrier transport. As a result, the FAPbI3-based small-area (0.085 cm2) solar cells achieve a champion efficiency of more than 25.86% with a notably high fill factor of 86.16%. The fabricated submodules with an aperture area of 715.1 cm2 obtain a certified record efficiency of 22.46% with a good fill factor of 81.21%, showcasing the feasibility and effectualness of the impurity-healing interface engineering for scaling-up promotion with well-preserved photovoltaic performance. An impurity-healing interface engineering strategy is developed to address the issue in small-area solar cells and large-scale submodules.