Community estimate of global glacier mass changes from 2000 to 2023

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Zemp, Michael; Jakob, Livia; Dussaillant, Ines; Nussbaumer, Samuel U.; Gourmelen, Noel; Dubber, Sophie; Geruo, A.; Abdullahi, Sahra; Andreassen, Liss Marie; Berthier, Etienne; Bhattacharya, Atanu; Blazquez, Alejandro; Boehm Vock, Laura F.; Bolch, Tobias; Box, Jason; Braun, Matthias H.; Brun, Fanny; Cicero, Eric; Colgan, William; Eckert, Nicolas; Farinotti, Daniel; Florentine, Caitlyn; Floricioiu, Dana; Gardner, Alex; Harig, Christopher; Hassan, Javed; Hugonnet, Romain; Huss, Matthias; Johannesson, Tomas; Liang, Chia-Chun Angela; Ke, Chang-Qing; Khan, Shfaqat Abbas; King, Owen; Kneib, Marin; Krieger, Lukas; Maussion, Fabien; Mattea, Enrico; Mcnabb, Robert; Menounos, Brian; Miles, Evan; Moholdt, Geir; Nilsson, Johan; Palsson, Finnur; Pfeffer, Julia; Piermattei, Livia; Plummer, Stephen; Richter, Andreas; Sasgen, Ingo; Schuster, Lilian; Seehaus, Thorsten; Shen, Xiaoyi; Sommer, Christian; Sutterley, Tyler; Treichler, Desiree; Velicogna, Isabella; Wouters, Bert; Zekollari, Harry; Zheng, Whyjay
• 署名单位: University of Zurich; University of Edinburgh; University of California System; University of California Irvine; Helmholtz Association; German Aerospace Centre (DLR); Norwegian Water Resources & Energy Directorate; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Saint Olaf College; Graz University of Technology; Geological Survey Of Denmark & Greenland; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble; University of Arizona; York University - Canada; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble; INRAE; Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Inria; Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology; Technical University of Denmark; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Fribourg; Nanjing University; Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China; Newcastle University - UK; University of Innsbruck; University of Bristol; Natural Resources Canada; Lands & Minerals Sector - Natural Resources Canada; Geological Survey of Canada; Hakai Institute; University of Northern British Columbia; Norwegian Polar Institute; University of Iceland; University of Oslo; European Space Agency; European Space Research Institute; National University of La Plata; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Helmholtz Association; Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar & Marine Research; University of Augsburg; Hohai University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Delft University of Technology; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; National Central University
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-1283
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08545-z
• 发表日期: 2025-03-13
• 关键词: high-mountain asia; sea-level rise; ice caps; balance; greenland; elevation; altimetry; alaska; MODEL; AREA

摘要

Glaciers are indicators of ongoing anthropogenic climate change1. Their melting leads to increased local geohazards2, and impacts marine3 and terrestrial4,5 ecosystems, regional freshwater resources6, and both global water and energy cycles7,8. Together with the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, glaciers are essential drivers of present9,10 and future11, 12-13 sea-level rise. Previous assessments of global glacier mass changes have been hampered by spatial and temporal limitations and the heterogeneity of existing data series14, 15-16. Here we show in an intercomparison exercise that glaciers worldwide lost 273 +/- 16 gigatonnes in mass annually from 2000 to 2023, with an increase of 36 +/- 10% from the first (2000-2011) to the second (2012-2023) half of the period. Since 2000, glaciers have lost between 2% and 39% of their ice regionally and about 5% globally. Glacier mass loss is about 18% larger than the loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet and more than twice that from the Antarctic Ice Sheet17. Our results arise from a scientific community effort to collect, homogenize, combine and analyse glacier mass changes from in situ and remote-sensing observations. Although our estimates are in agreement with findings from previous assessments14, 15-16 at a global scale, we found some large regional deviations owing to systematic differences among observation methods. Our results provide a refined baseline for better understanding observational differences and for calibrating model ensembles12,16,18, which will help to narrow projection uncertainty for the twenty-first century11,12,18.