Unexpected clustering pattern in dwarf galaxies challenges formation models

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Zhang, Ziwen; Chen, Yangyao; Rong, Yu; Wang, Huiyuan; Mo, Houjun; Luo, Xiong; Li, Hao
• 署名单位: Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-2069
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08965-5
• 发表日期: 2025-06-05
• 关键词: ultra-diffuse galaxies; dark-matter haloes; tully-fisher relation; illustristng simulations; ultradiffuse galaxies; dependence; EVOLUTION; calibration; catalog; profile

摘要

The galaxy correlation function serves as a fundamental tool for studying cosmology, galaxy formation and the nature of dark matter. It is well established that more massive, redder and more compact galaxies tend to have stronger clustering in space1,2. These results can be understood in terms of galaxy formation in cold dark matter (CDM) halos of different mass and assembly history. Here we report an unexpectedly strong large-scale clustering for isolated, diffuse and blue dwarf galaxies, comparable to that seen for massive galaxy groups but much stronger than that expected from their halo mass. Our analysis indicates that the strong clustering aligns with the halo assembly bias seen in simulations3 with the standard Lambda CDM cosmology only if more diffuse dwarfs formed in low-mass halos of older ages. This pattern is not reproduced by existing models of galaxy evolution in a Lambda CDM framework4, 5-6, and our finding provides clues for the search of more viable models. Our results can be explained well by assuming self-interacting dark matter7, suggesting that such a scenario should be considered seriously.