-
作者：Zbaracki, MJ; Ritson, M; Levy, D; Dutta, S; Bergen, M
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of London; London Business School; Bar Ilan University; Emory University; University of Southern California; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：We study the price adjustment practices and provide quantitative measurement of the managerial and customer costs of price adjustment using data from a large U.S. industrial manufacturer and its customers. We find that price adjustment costs are a much more complex construct than the existing industrial-organization or macroeconomics literature recognizes. In addition to physical costs (menu costs), we identify and measure three types of managerial costs (information gathering, decision-making...
-
作者：Long, MC
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：During the late 1990s, several states eliminated affirmative action admissions policies at their public colleges. Some of these states substituted a program that grants admission to the top x% of each high school's graduating class. These new programs were instituted in efforts to restore minority college enrollments to their prior levels. This paper finds that the preferences given to minority applicants under affirmative action are large and that the minority share of admitted students in to...
-
作者：Card, D; Shore-Sheppard, LD
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Williams College
摘要：Despite intensive scrutiny, the effects of Medicaid expansions on the health insurance status of low-income children remain controversial. We reexamine the effects of the two largest federally mandated expansions which offered Medicaid coverage to low-income children in specific age ranges and birth cohorts. We use a regression discontinuity approach, comparing Medicaid enrollment, private insurance coverage, and overall insurance coverage on either side of the age limits of the laws. We concl...
-
作者：Griffin, JM; Nardari, F; Stulz, RM
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We investigate the conditions under which an intertemporal equilibrium model based on investors' portfolio decisions can explain the dynamics of high-frequency equity flows. Our model shows that, when there are barriers to international investment and when the expectations of foreign investors are more extrapolative than those of domestic investors (either due to foreigners being less informed or for behavioral reasons), unexpectedly high worldwide or local stock returns lead to net equity inf...
-
作者：Lane, PR; Milesi-Ferretti, GM
作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; International Monetary Fund
摘要：The relationship between international payments and the real exchange rate-the transfer problem-is a classic question in international economics. We use cross-country data on real exchange rates and a newly constricted data set on countries' net external positions to shed new light on this question. We present a simple theoretical framework that leads to testable implications for the long-run comovements of real exchange rates, net foieign assets. relative GDP and terms of trade, and cross-cou...
-
作者：Vigdor, JL
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：This paper analyzes how community heterogeneity influences resident decisions to undertake actions generating public benefits. The decision in question is completing and returning the 2000 Census questionnaire, an action which secures a significant amount of federal grants for the community. The model developed to explain this action allows members of societal groups to differentially value public benefits that accrue to other group members. Racial, generational, and socioeconomic class hetero...
-
作者：Imbs, J
作者单位：University of London; London Business School; Princeton University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：I investigate the determinants of business cycle synchronization across regions. The linkages between trade in goods, financial openness, specialization, and business cycle synchronization are evaluated in the context of a system of simultaneous equations. The main results are as follows. (i) Specialization patterns have a sizable effect on business cycles. Most of this effect is independent of trade or financial policy, but directly reflects differences in GDP per capita. (ii) A variety of me...
-
作者：Luintel, KB; Khan, M
作者单位：Brunel University; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD)
摘要：Coe and Helpman, among others, report positive and equivalent R&D spillovers across groups of countries. However, the nature of their econometric tests does not address the heterogeneity of knowledge diffusion across countries. We empirically examine these issues in a sample of 10 OECD countries by extending both the time span and the coverage of R&D activities in the data set. We find that the elasticity of total factor productivity with respect to domestic and foreign R&D stocks is extremely...
-
作者：Golan, A; Perloff, JM
作者单位：American University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use a nonlinear, nonparametric method to forecast unemployment rates. This method is an extension of the nearest-neighbor method but uses a higher-dimensional simplex approach. We compare these forecasts with several linear and nonlinear parametric methods based on the work of Montgomery et al. (1998) and Carruth et al. (1998). Our main result is that, due to the nonlinearity in the data-generating process, the nonparametric method outperforms many other well-known models, even when these m...
-
作者：Fryer, RG; Levitt, SD
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：In previous research, a substantial gap in test scores between white and black students persists, even after controlling for a wide range of observable characteristics. Using a newly available data set (the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study), we demonstrate that in stark contrast to earlier studies, the black-white test score gap among incoming kindergartners disappears when we control for a small number of covariates. Real gains by black children in recent cohorts appear to play an important...
