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作者：Krieger, Joshua L.; Myers, Kyle R.; Stern, Ariel D.
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：We examine editors' influence on the scientific content of aca-demic journals by unpacking the role of three major forces: journals' statedmissions, the aggregate supply of and demand for specific topics, and sci-entific homophily via editorial gatekeeping. In a sample of top biomedicaljournals, we find the first two forces explain the vast majority of variationin published content. The upper bound of the homophily effect is statisti-cally significant but practically much less important. Margi...
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作者：Baselgia, Enea; Martinez, Isabel Z.
作者单位：University of St Gallen; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：We show that over the 20th century, the ratio of private wealth to national income, beta(pt), in Switzerland did not follow a U-shaped pattern, thereby contrasting the evolution in most European countries. Instead, the ratio was exceptionally stable at around 500%. We argue that this consistently high beta(pt )was the result of geopolitical factors combined with Switzerland's capital-friendly policymaking. Since the turn of the century, however, beta(pt )has been on a rapid rise to reach 793% ...
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作者：Dell'Acqua, Fabrizio; Kogut, Bruce; Perkowski, Patryk
作者单位：Harvard University; Columbia University; Yeshiva University
摘要：This article studies the effects of the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into teams in a laboratory experiment. We randomly assign automated co-workers into laboratory firms who are playing a team-based game on the Nintendo Switch console. We demonstrate that even in a task where AI outperforms humans, automation decreases overall team performance and increases coordination failures. These effects are especially large in the short-term and in low- and medium-skilled teams. Moreover...
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作者：Carayol, Nicolas; Henry, Emeric; Lanoe, Marianne
作者单位：Universite de Bordeaux; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Bordeaux
摘要：The production of knowledge relies on collaborations between researchers. However, we do not know to what extent policies may stimulate these interactions. In this paper we show how a large-scale public research cluster policy in France, which funds local communities of researchers working on a common theme, affects the organization of research. Relying on an identification strategy based on grades awarded by reviewers, we show that members of financed clusters increase their collaborations wi...
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作者：Chodick, Gabriel; Goldstein, Yoav; Shurtz, Ity; Zeltzer, Dan
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
摘要：We examine how physician decisions are affected by difficult cases-encounters with newly diagnosed cancer patients. Using detailed administrative data, we compare primary care physicians' decisions in visits that occurred before and after difficult cases and matched comparison cases by the same physicians on other dates. Immediately following a difficult case, physicians increase referrals for common tests, including diagnostic tests unrelated to cancer. The effect lasts only for about an hour...
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作者：Armona, Luis
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using quasi-random variation from Facebook's entry to college campuses, I exploit a natural experiment to estimate the effect of online social network access on future earnings. I estimate that access to Face-book for an additional year in college causes a .62 percentile increase in a cohort's average earnings, translating to an average wage increase of around $970 in 2014, and decreases income inequality within a cohort. I provide indirect evidence that wage increases come through the channel...
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作者：Faccini, Renato; Melosi, Leonardo
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：The low rate of inflation observed in the United States over the past decade is hard to reconcile with traditional measures of labor market slack. We develop a theory-based indicator of interfirm-wage competition that can explain the missing inflation. Key to this result is a drop in the rate of on-the-job search, which lowers the intensity of interfirm-wage competition to retain or hire workers. We estimate the on-the-job search rate from aggregate labor-market flows and show that its recent ...
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作者：Hager, Anselm; Hensel, Lukas; Roth, Christopher; Stegmann, Andreas
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; Peking University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Max Planck Society; University of Cologne; University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We conduct a natural field experiment with a major European party to test whether giving party supporters more voice increases their engagement in the party's electoral campaign. In the experiment, the party asked a random subset of supporters for their opinions on the importance of different policy areas. Giving supporters opportunities to voice their opinions increases their engagement in the campaign as measured using behavioral data from the party's smartphone application. Survey data reve...
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作者：Morales, Nicolas
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Richmond
摘要：This article aims to understand the relationship between high-skill immigration and multinational activity. I assemble a firm-level dataseton high-skill visas and show that there is a large home bias effect: foreignmultinationals hire more immigrants from their home countries than fromother origins. I then build and estimate a quantitative model that relatesmultinational production with immigration. First, I impose a restrictive im-migration policy in the United States and evaluate how it affe...
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作者：Miyamoto, Wataru; Nguyen, Thuy Lan; Oh, Hyunseung
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco; Santa Clara University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：We uncover the major drivers of macro aggregates and the real exchange rate at business cycle frequencies in Group of Seven countries. The estimated drivers of key macro variables resemble each other and account for a modest fraction of the real exchange rate variances. Dominant drivers of the real exchange rate are orthogonal to the main drivers of business cycles, generate a significant deviation of the uncovered interest parity condition, and lead to small movements in net exports. We use t...
