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作者：Yeh, Chen
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Richmond
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作者：Berkes, Enrico; Deschenes, Olivier; Gaetani, Ruben; Lin, Jeffrey; Severen, Christopher
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Toronto; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：Does social distancing harm innovation? We estimate the effect of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs)-policies that restrict interactions in an attempt to slow the spread of disease-on local invention. We construct a panel of issued patents and NPIs adopted by 50 large U.S. cities during the 1918 flu pandemic. Difference-in-differences estimates show that cities adopting longer NPIs did not experience a decline in patenting during the pandemic relative to short-NPI cities, and they recorded...
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作者：Bohren, J. Aislinn; Haggag, Kareem; Imas, Alex; Pope, Devin G.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Chicago
摘要：We study inaccurate beliefs as a source of discrimination. Economists typically characterize discrimination as stemming from a taste-based (preference) or accurate statistical (belief-based) source. Although individuals may have inaccurate beliefs about how relevant characteristics (e.g., productivity, signals) are correlated with group identity, fewer than 7% of empirical discrimination papers in economics consider the possibility of such inaccurate statistical discrimination. Using theory an...
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作者：Bundorf, M. Kate; DeMatteis, Jill; Miller, Grant; Polyakova, Maria; Streeter, Jialu L.; Wivagg, Jonathan
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Westat; Stanford University
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作者：Bortolotti, Stefania; Soraperra, Ivan; Sutter, Matthias; Zoller, Claudia
作者单位：Max Planck Society
摘要：Income inequalities within societies are often associated with evidence that the rich are more likely to behave unethically and evade more taxes. We study how fairness views and preferences for redistribution are affected when cheating may, but need not, be the cause of income inequalities. In our experiment, we let third parties redistribute income between a rich and a poor stakeholder. In one treatment, income inequality was due only to luck, whereas in two others rich stakeholders might hav...
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作者：Mueller, Ulrich K.
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：The paper combines extreme value theory for the smallest and largest k observations for some given k > 1 with a normal approximation for the average of the remaining observations to construct a more robust alternative to the usual t-test. The new test is found to control size much more successfully in small samples compared to existing methods. This holds for the canonical inference for the mean problem based on an i.i.d. sample, but also when comparing two population means and when conducting...
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作者：Ketz, Philipp; McCloskey, Adam
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Paris School of Economics; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We introduce adaptive confidence intervals on a parameter of interest in the presence of nuisance parameters, such as coefficients on control variables, with known signs. Our confidence intervals are trivial to compute and can provide significant length reductions relative to standard ones when the nuisance parameters are small. At the same time, they entail minimal length increases at any parameter values. We apply our confidence intervals to the linear regression model, prove their uniform v...
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作者：Davis, Lucas W.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The percentage of U.S. homes heated with electricity has increased steadily from 1% in 1950 to 40% in 2020. Energy prices, geography, climate, housing characteristics, and income are shown to explain 90% of the increase, with energy prices by far the most important factor. The paper then estimates the cost of an electrification mandate for new homes. Households in warm states tend to prefer electricity anyway, so would be made worse off by less than $350 annually on average. Households in cold...
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作者：Muralidharan, Karthik; Romero, Mauricio; Wuethrich, Kaspar
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Factorial designs are widely used to study multiple treatments in one experiment. Although t-tests using a fully saturated long model provide valid inferences, short model t-tests (that ignore interactions) yield higher power if interactions are zero, but incorrect inferences otherwise. Of 27 factorial experiments published in top-five journals (2007-2017), nineteen use the short model. After including interactions, more than half of their results lose significance. Based on recent econometric...
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作者：Lindo, Jason M.; Regmi, Krishna; Swensen, Isaac D.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; National Bureau of Economic Research; Georgia Institute of Technology; State University System of Florida; Florida Gulf Coast University; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
摘要：We document the effect of unemployment insurance generosity on divorce and fertility using an identification strategy that leverages state-level changes in maximum benefits over time and comparisons across workers who have been laid off and those that have not been laid off. The results indicate that higher maximum benefit levels mitigate the effects of layoffs. In particular, they mitigate increases in divorce associated with men's layoffs; increases in separations associated with women's lay...
