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作者：TULJAPURKAR, S; LEE, R
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
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作者：FAN, JQ; HECKMAN, NE; WAND, MP
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：We investigate the extension of the nonparametric regression technique of local polynomial fitting with a kernel weight to generalized linear models and quasi-likelihood contexts. In the ordinary regression case, local polynomial fitting has been seen to have several appealing features in terms of intuitive and mathematical simplicity. One noteworthy feature is the better performance near the boundaries compared to the traditional kernel regression estimators. These properties are shown to car...
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作者：Lambert, D; Roeder, K
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：Generalized linear models (GLM's) are simple, convenient models for count data, but they assume that the variance is a specified function of the mean. Although overdispersed GLM's allow more flexible mean-variance relationships, they are often not as simple to interpret nor as easy to fit as standard GLM's. This article introduces a convexity plot, or C plot for short, that detects overdispersion and relative variance curves and relative variance tests that help to understand the nature of the...
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作者：Nychka, D; Gray, G; Haaland, P; Martin, D; OConnell, M
作者单位：National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Becton Dickinson
摘要：In the biomedical products industry, measures of the quality of individual clinical specimens or manufacturing production units are often available in the form of high-dimensional data such as continuous recordings obtained from an analytical instrument. These recordings are then examined by experts in the field who extract certain features and use these to classify individuals. To formalize and quantify this procedure, an approach for extracting features from recordings based on nonparametric...
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作者：Ruppert, D; Sheather, SJ; Wand, MP
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：Local least squares kernel regression provides an appealing solution to the nonparametric regression, or ''scatterplot smoothing'', problem, as demonstrated by Fan, for example. The practical implementation of any scatterplot smoother is greatly enhanced by the availability of a reliable rule for automatic selection of the smoothing parameter. In this article we apply the ideas of plug-in bandwidth selection to develop strategies for choosing the smoothing parameter of local linear squares ker...
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作者：BUCKLAND, ST
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作者：Chib, S
摘要：In the context of Bayes estimation via Gibbs sampling, with or without data augmentation, a simple approach is developed for computing the marginal density of the sample data (marginal likelihood) given parameter draws from the posterior distribution. Consequently, Bayes factors for model comparisons can be routinely computed as a by-product of the simulation. Hitherto, this calculation has proved extremely challenging. Our approach exploits the fact that the marginal density can be expressed ...
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作者：SOOFI, ES; EBRAHIMI, N; HABIBULLAH, M
作者单位：Northern Illinois University; University of Wisconsin System
摘要：In maximum entropy (ME) modeling, the information discrepancy between two distributions is measured in terms of their entropy difference. In discrimination information statistics the information discrepancy between two distributions is measured in terms of the Kullback-Leibler function (i.e., relative entropy or cross-entropy). This article presents an equivalence between Kullback-Leibler functions and entropy differences involving an ME distribution. Based an this equivalence, the concept of ...
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作者：KADANE, JB; OHAGAN, A
作者单位：University of Nottingham
摘要：In the usual, countably additive definition of probability, it is not possible to have a distribution giving equal probabilities to every one of the natural numbers. Yet such a distribution would be interesting and potentially useful. This article considers an approach to this problem based on finitely additive probability. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for when specifications of the probabilities of an arbitrary collection of subsets of a space Omega can be extended to define a...
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作者：HUGHES, MD; THOMPSON, SG; POCOCK, SJ
作者单位：University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
摘要：Any screening program based on a quantitative risk factor has the objective of identifying individuals at high risk of disease. When the risk factor varies within individuals over time or is subject to measurement error, repeat measurements should aid risk assessment. This article presents statistical guidelines for sequential screening based on measurements accumulated over time. The aim for each subject is to decide whether (a) risk is sufficiently low that screening can be stopped, or (b) r...
