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作者：Iyer, HK; Wang, CMJ; Mathew, T
作者单位：Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) - USA; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore
摘要：We consider the one-way random-effects model with unequal sample sizes and heterogeneous variances. Using the method of generalized confidence intervals. we develop a new confidence interval procedure for the mean. Additionally, we investigate two alternative models based on different sets of assumptions regarding between-group variability and derive generalized confidence interval procedures for the mean. These procedures are applicable to small samples. Statistical simulation is used to demo...
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作者：Tan, ZQ
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
摘要：The use of estimating equations has been a common approach for constructing Monte Carlo estimators. Recently, Kong et al. proposed a formulation of Monte Carlo integration as a statistical model, making explicit what information is ignored and what is retained about the baseline measure. From simulated data, the baseline measure is estimated by maximum likelihood, and then integrals of interest are estimated by substituting the estimated measure. For two different situations in which independe...
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作者：Ishwaran, H; Blackstone, EH; Pothier, CE; Lauer, MS
作者单位：Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Cleveland Clinic Foundation
摘要：Recent studies have confirmed heart rate fall after treadmill exercise testing, or heart rate recovery, as a powerful predictor of mortality from heart disease. Heart rate recovery depends on central reactivation of vagal tone and decreased vagal activity is a risk factor for death. If heart rate recovery is defined as the fall in heart rate after I minute following peak exercise, then a heart rate recovery value of 12 beats per minute (bpm) or lower has been shown to be a good prognostic thre...
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作者：Larocque, D; Labarre, M
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal
摘要：We consider the problem of testing the hypothesis that a multivariate location vector is in the positive orthant. A conditionally distribution-free sign test is proposed for this problem. This test is related to the Hodges test and can be motivated by the union-intersection principle. Moreover, it is valid under very mild assumptions. A characterization of the conditional null distribution of the test statistic is given. We provide a step-by-step procedure that can be used to perform the test ...
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作者：Black, D; Sanders, S; Taylor, L
作者单位：Syracuse University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：We examine measurement error in the reporting of higher education in the 1990 Decennial Census and the post-1991 Current Population Survey (CPS). We document that measurement error in the reporting of higher education is prevalent in Census data. Further, these errors violate models of classical measurement error in important ways. The level of education is consistently reported as higher than it is (errors are not mean 0), errors in the reporting of education are correlated with covariates th...
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作者：Huang, Y; Wang, MC
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
摘要：Recurrent events arise in many longitudinal medical studies where time to a terminal event or failure is the primary endpoint. With incomplete follow-up data, the analysis of recurrent events is a challenge owing to their association with the failure. One specific quantity of interest rarely addressed in the statistical literature is the recurrence frequency at the failure time; an example is hospitalization frequency, which is often used as a rough measure of lifetime medical cost. In this ar...
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作者：Meeden, G
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Auditors often consider a stratified finite population where each unit is classified as either acceptable or in error. Based on a random sample, the auditor may be required to give an upper confidence bound for the number of units in the population that are in error. In other cases the auditor may need to give a p value for the hypothesis that at least 5% of the units in the population are in error. Frequentist methods for these problems are not straightforward and can be difficult to compute....
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作者：Cook, RD; Setodji, CM
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; RAND Corporation
摘要：We propose a test of dimension in multivariate regression. This test is in the spirit of tests on the rank of the coefficient matrix in a multivariate linear model, but it does not require a prespecified model. The test may be particularly useful at the outset of an analysis before a multivariate model is posited, because it can lead to low-dimensional summary plots that are inferred to contain all of the sample information on the multivariate mean function.
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作者：Parmigiani, G; Ashih, HW; Samsa, GR; Duncan, PW; Lai, SM; Matchar, DB
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; University of Kansas; University of Kansas; Duke University
摘要：It is common to assess disability of stroke patients using standardized scales, such as the Rankin Stroke Outcome Scale (RS) and the Barthel Index (BI). The RS, which was designed for applications to stroke, is based on assessing directly the global conditions of a patient. The BI, which was designed for more general applications, is based on a series of questions about the patient's ability to carry out 10 basic activities of daily living. Because both scales are commonly used, but few studie...
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作者：Brookmeyer, R; Blades, N
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Jackson Laboratory
摘要：In the fall of 2001 an outbreak of inhalational anthrax occurred in the United States that was the result of bioterrorism. Letters contaminated with anthrax spores were sent through the postal system. In response to the outbreak, public health officials treated over 10,000 persons with antibiotic prophylaxis in the hopes of preventing further morbidity and mortality. No persons receiving the antibiotics subsequently developed disease. The question arises as to how many cases of disease may act...
