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作者：Bilder, Christopher R.; Tebbs, Joshua M.; Chen, Peng
作者单位：University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：In situations where individuals are screened for an infectious disease or other binary characteristic and where resources for testing are limited, group testing can offer substantial benefits. Group testing, where subjects are tested in groups (pools) initially, has been successfully applied to problems in blood bank screening, public health, drug discovery, genetics, and many other areas. In these applications, often the goal is to identify each individual as positive or negative using initia...
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作者：Rodriguez, Abel; Dunson, David B.; Gelfand, Alan E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Duke University
摘要：We develop a model for stochastic processes with random marginal distributions. Our model relies on a stick-breaking construction for the marginal distribution of the process, and introduces dependence across locations by using a latent Gaussian copula model as the mechanism for selecting the atoms. The resulting latent stick-breaking process (LaSBP) induces a random partition of the index space, with points closer in space having a higher probability of being in the same cluster. We develop a...
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作者：Prentice, Ross L.
作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：This article reviews the status of statistical methods for chronic disease prevention research, with emphasis on the reliability of findings and on future methodological needs and opportunities. Observational studies, especially cohort studies, play a major role in disease prevention research, but depend on adequate confounding control methods for a useful interpretation. Stratification and regression methods that are commonly used to control confounding are described, and comparative findings...
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作者：Chen, Kani; Guo, Shaojun; Lin, Yuanyuan; Ying, Zhiliang
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Columbia University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Academy of Mathematics & System Sciences, CAS
摘要：Multiplicative regression model or accelerated failure time model, which becomes linear regression model after logarithmic transformation, is useful in analyzing data with positive responses, such as stock prices or life times, that are particularly common in economic/financial or biomedical studies. Least squares or least absolute deviation are among the most widely used criterions in statistical estimation for linear regression model. However, in many practical applications, especially in tr...
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作者：Huang, Li-Shan; Davidson, Philip W.
作者单位：University of Rochester
摘要：Fish consumption during pregnancy exposes the fetus to both the neurotoxicant methylmercury and nutrients known to be beneficial for brain development. When nutrient status is not measured, maternal methylmercury levels may be a partial biomarker for both toxic and nutrient exposures. It is therefore necessary to employ a flexible model-such as the partial linear model-that will allow for possible nonlinear trends of methylmercury. To enhance interpretations of fitting a partial linear model, ...
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作者：Smith, Richard L.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
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作者：Cheng, Philip E.; Liou, Michelle; Aston, John A. D.
作者单位：Academia Sinica - Taiwan; University of Warwick
摘要：Likelihood ratio (LR) tests for association and for interaction are examined for three-way contingency tables, particularly the widely used 2 x 2 x K table. Mutual information identities are used to characterize the information decomposition and the logical relationship between the omnibus LR test for conditional independence across K strata and its two independent components. LR tests for interaction and for uniform association. The latter two tests are logically connected to formulating a na...
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作者：McCormick, Tyler H.; Salganik, Matthew J.; Zheng, Tian
作者单位：Columbia University; Princeton University; Princeton University
摘要：In this article we develop a method to estimate both individual social network size (ie, degree) and die distribution of network sizes in a population by asking respondents how many people they know in specific subpopulations (c g people named Michael) Building on the scale-up method of Killworth ei al (1998b) and other previous attempts to estimate individual network size we propose a latent non-random mixing model which resolves three known problems with previous approaches As a byproduct ou...
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作者：Lele, Subhash R.; Nadeem, Khurram; Schmuland, Byron
作者单位：University of Alberta
摘要：Maximum likelihood estimation for Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM), an important class of statistical models with substantial applications in epidemiology, medical statistics, and many other fields, poses significant computational difficulties. In this article, we use data cloning, a simple computational method that exploits advances in Bayesian computation, in particular the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, to obtain maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters in these models. This ...
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作者：Radchenko, Peter; James, Gareth M.
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：Numerous penalization based methods have been proposed for fitting a traditional linear regression model in which the number of predictors, p, is large relative to the number of observations, n. Most of these approaches assume sparsity in the underlying coefficients and perform some form of variable selection. Recently, some of this work has been extended to nonlinear additive regression models. However, in many contexts one wishes to allow for the possibility of interactions among the predict...
