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作者：Cressie, Noel
作者单位：University of Wollongong
摘要：Too much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is a threat to long-term sustainability of Earth's ecosystem. Atmospheric CO2 is a leading greenhouse gas that has increased to levels not seen since the middle Pliocene (approximately 3.6 million years ago). One of the US National Aeronautics Space Administration's (NASA) remote sensing missions is the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2, whose principal science objective is to estimate the global geographic distribution of CO2 sources and sinks at Ea...
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作者：Dadaneh, Siamak Zamani; Qian, Xiaoning; Zhou, Mingyuan
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We perform differential expression analysis of high-throughput sequencing count data under a Bayesian nonparametric framework, removing sophisticated ad hoc pre-processing steps commonly required in existing algorithms. We propose to use the gamma (beta) negative binomial process, which takes into account different sequencing depths using sample-specific negative binomial probability (dispersion) parameters, to detect differentially expressed genes by comparing the posterior distributions of g...
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作者：Devijver, Emilie; Gallopin, Melina
作者单位：KU Leuven; KU Leuven; Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Mathematical Sciences (INSMI); IMT - Institut Mines-Telecom; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Telecom SudParis
摘要：Gaussian graphical models are widely used to infer and visualize networks of dependencies between continuous variables. However, inferring the graph is difficult when the sample size is small compared to the number of variables. To reduce the number of parameters to estimate in the model, we propose a nonasymptotic model selection procedure supported by strong theoretical guarantees based on an oracle type inequality and a minimax lower bound. The covariance matrix of the model is approximated...
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作者：Ertefaie, Ashkan; Small, Dylan S.; Rosenbaum, Paul R.
作者单位：University of Rochester; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Weak instruments produce causal inferences that are sensitive to small failures of the assumptions underlying an instrumental variable, so strong instruments are preferred. The possibility of strengthening an instrument at the price of a reduced sample size has been proposed in the statistical literature and used in the medical literature, but there has not been a theoretical study of the trade-off of instrument strength and sample size. This trade-off and related questions are examined using ...
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作者：Guinness, Joseph; Hammerling, Dorit
作者单位：North Carolina State University; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA
摘要：Numerical climate model simulations run at high spatial and temporal resolutions generate massive quantities of data. As our computing capabilities continue to increase, storing all of the data is not sustainable, and thus it is important to develop methods for representing the full datasets by smaller compressed versions. We propose a statistical compression and decompression algorithm based on storing a set of summary statistics as well as a statistical model describing the conditional distr...
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作者：Mueller, Jonas; Jaakkola, Tommi; Gifford, David
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We present a nonparametric framework to model a short sequence of probability distributions that vary both due to underlying effects of sequential progression and confounding noise. To distinguish between these two types of variation and estimate the sequential-progression effects, our approach leverages an assumption that these effects follow a persistent trend. This work is motivated by the recent rise of single-cell RNA-sequencing experiments over a brief time course, which aim to identify ...
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作者：Nussbaum, Barry D.
摘要：Each year, the Journal of the American Statistical Association publishes the presidential address from the Joint Statistical Meetings. Here, we present the 2017 address verbatim save for the addition of references and a few minor editorial corrections.
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作者：Trapani, Lorenzo
作者单位：City St Georges, University of London
摘要：This article proposes a procedure to estimate the number of common factors k in a static approximate factor model. The building block of the analysis is the fact that the first k eigenvalues of the covariance matrix of the data diverge, while the others stay bounded. On the grounds of this, we propose a test for the null that the ith eigenvalue diverges, using a randomized test statistic based directly on the estimated eigenvalue. The test only requires minimal assumptions on the data, and no ...
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作者：Zhang, Yichi; Laber, Eric B.; Davidian, Marie; Tsiatis, Anastasios A.
作者单位：Harvard University; North Carolina State University
摘要：Precision medicine is currently a topic of great interest in clinical and intervention science. A key component of precision medicine is that it is evidence-based, that is, data-driven, and consequently there has been tremendous interest in estimation of precision medicine strategies using observational or randomized study data. One way to formalize precision medicine is through a treatment regime, which is a sequence of decision rules, one per stage of clinical intervention, that map up-to-da...
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作者：Cressie, Noel
作者单位：University of Wollongong
