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作者：Cohen, Jon
摘要：As deadline nears, negotiations continue over sharing pathogen sequences and vaccine doses
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作者：Mabesoone, Mathijs F. J.; Leopold-Messer, Stefan; Minas, Hannah A.; Chepkirui, Clara; Chawengrum, Pornsuda; Reiter, Silke; Meoded, Roy A.; Wolf, Sarah; Genz, Ferdinand; Magnus, Nancy; Piechulla, Birgit; Walker, Allison S.; Piel, Jorn
作者单位：Chulabhorn Royal Academy; Chulabhorn Graduate Institute; University of Rostock; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University
摘要：Bacterial multimodular polyketide synthases (PKSs) are giant enzymes that generate a wide range of therapeutically important but synthetically challenging natural products. Diversification of polyketide structures can be achieved by engineering these enzymes. However, notwithstanding successes made with textbook cis-acyltransferase (cis-AT) PKSs, tailoring such large assembly lines remains challenging. Unlike textbook PKSs, trans-AT PKSs feature an extraordinary diversity of PKS modules and co...
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作者：Phillips, Philip W.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Oracle of condensed matter physics
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作者：Clery, Daniel
摘要：Quantum memories and networks could help combine light from widely separated mirrors
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作者：Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson; Galgani, Francois; Neal, William J.
作者单位：Ifremer; Grand Valley State University
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作者：Thorp, H. Holden
摘要：When I was chancellor of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, I tried never to miss the annual concert of the Triangle Youth Symphony. When people asked me why I was such a regular, I complimented the music but also suggested that there were potential future college science majors on the stage. The strong correlation between scientific and musical ability is an association familiar to many scientists, but in recent years, the connections between music and the mind have begun receiv...
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作者：Thorp, H. Holden
摘要：The drumbeat of complaints over the poor treatment of graduate students and postdocs in academic science continues. As explained on this page, there is a seemingly endless slow-motion crisis of strikes, failures at collective bargaining, and damaging news stories about the mistreatment of and poor working conditions for graduate students. Meanwhile, a parade of stories about academic fraud and failures to address research integrity undermine public trust in science. These two threads are conne...
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作者：Ying, Wei; Wang, Yaowei; Wei, Hong; Luo, Yongming; Ma, Qian; Zhu, Heyuan; Janssens, Hilde; Vukasinovic, Nemanja; Kvasnica, Miroslav; Winne, Johan M.; Gao, Yongxiang; Tan, Shutang; Friml, Jiri; Liu, Xin; Russinova, Eugenia; Sun, Linfeng
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Ghent University; Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB); Ghent University; Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Science & Technology - Austria
摘要：Brassinosteroids are steroidal phytohormones that regulate plant development and physiology, including adaptation to environmental stresses. Brassinosteroids are synthesized in the cell interior but bind receptors at the cell surface, necessitating a yet to be identified export mechanism. Here, we show that a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, ABCB19, functions as a brassinosteroid exporter. We present its structure in both the substrate-unbound and the brassinos...
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作者：Luthringer, Remy; Raphalen, Morgane; Guerra, Carla; Colin, Sebastien; Martinho, Claudia; Zheng, Min; Hoshino, Masakazu; Badis, Yacine; Lipinska, Agnieszka P.; Haas, Fabian B.; Barrera-Redondo, Josue; Alva, Vikram; Coelho, Susana M.
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Kobe University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; Max Planck Society
摘要：In many eukaryotes, genetic sex determination is not governed by XX/XY or ZW/ZZ systems but by a specialized region on the poorly studied U (female) or V (male) sex chromosomes. Previous studies have hinted at the existence of a dominant male-sex factor on the V chromosome in brown algae, a group of multicellular eukaryotes distantly related to animals and plants. The nature of this factor has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that an HMG-box gene acts as the male-determining factor in br...
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作者：Gambogi, Craig W.; Birchak, Gabriel J.; Mer, Elie; Brown, David M.; Yankson, George; Kixmoeller, Kathryn; Gavade, Janardan N.; Espinoza, Josh L.; Kashyap, Prakriti; Dupont, Chris L.; Logsdon, Glennis A.; Heun, Patrick; Glass, John I.; Black, Ben E.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; J. Craig Venter Institute; University of Edinburgh; Technical University of Darmstadt; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Large DNA assembly methodologies underlie milestone achievements in synthetic prokaryotic and budding yeast chromosomes. While budding yeast control chromosome inheritance through similar to 125-base pair DNA sequence-defined centromeres, mammals and many other eukaryotes use large, epigenetic centromeres. Harnessing centromere epigenetics permits human artificial chromosome (HAC) formation but is not sufficient to avoid rampant multimerization of the initial DNA molecule upon introduction to ...
