Operations Research

最新文章

• Optimal Allocation of Resources in Airport Security: Profiling vs. Screening AI翻译
  作者：Bagchi, Aniruddha; Paul, Jomon Aliyas
  作者单位：University System of Georgia; Kennesaw State University
  摘要：This model examines the role of intelligence gathering and screening in providing airport security. We analyze this problem using a game between the government and a terrorist. By investing in intelligence gathering, the government can improve the precision of its information. In contrast, screening can be used to search a passenger and thereby deter terrorist attacks. We determine the optimal allocation of resources between these two strategies wherein we model the role of intelligence using ...
• Analyzing Scrip Systems AI翻译
  作者：Johnson, Kris; Simchi-Levi, David; Sun, Peng
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Duke University
  摘要：Scrip systems provide a nonmonetary trade economy for exchange of resources. We model a scrip system as a stochastic game and study system design issues on selection rules to match potential trade partners over time. We show the optimality of one particular rule in terms of maximizing social welfare for a given scrip system that guarantees players' incentives to participate. We also investigate the optimal number of scrips to issue under this rule. In particular, if the time discount factor is...
• Optimal Pricing and Inventory Control Policy with Quantity-Based Price Differentiation AI翻译
  作者：Lu, Ye; Chen, Youhua (Frank); Song, Miao; Yan, Xiaoming
  作者单位：City University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; Dongguan University of Technology
  摘要：A firm facing price dependent stochastic demand aims to maximize its total expected profit over a planning horizon. In addition to the regular unit selling price, the firm can utilize quantity discounts to increase sales. We refer to this dual-pricing strategy as quantity-based price differentiation. At the beginning of each period, the firm needs to make three decisions: replenish the inventory, set the unit selling price if the unit sales mode is deployed, and set the quantity-discount price...
• Average Utility Maximization: A Preference Foundation AI翻译
  作者：Kothiyal, Amit; Spinu, Vitalie; Wakker, Peter P.
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
  摘要：This paper provides necessary and sufficient preference conditions for average utility maximization over sequences of variable length. We obtain full generality by using a new algebraic technique that exploits the richness structure naturally provided by the variable length of the sequences. Thus we generalize many preceding results in the literature. For example, continuity in outcomes, a condition needed in other approaches, now is an option rather than a requirement. Applications to expecte...
• Distributionally Robust Convex Optimization AI翻译
  作者：Wiesemann, Wolfram; Kuhn, Daniel; Sim, Melvyn
  作者单位：Imperial College London; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; National University of Singapore
  摘要：Distributionally robust optimization is a paradigm for decision making under uncertainty where the uncertain problem data are governed by a probability distribution that is itself subject to uncertainty. The distribution is then assumed to belong to an ambiguity set comprising all distributions that are compatible with the decision maker's prior information. In this paper, we propose a unifying framework for modeling and solving distributionally robust optimization problems. We introduce stand...
• FAST-Fast Algorithm for the Scenario Technique AI翻译
  作者：Care, Algo; Garatti, Simone; Campi, Marco C.
  作者单位：University of Melbourne; Polytechnic University of Milan; University of Brescia
  摘要：The scenario approach is a recently introduced method to obtain feasible solutions to chance-constrained optimization problems based on random sampling. It has been noted that the sample complexity of the scenario approach rapidly increases with the number of optimization variables and this may pose a hurdle to its applicability to medium-and large-scale problems. We here introduce the Fast Algorithm for the Scenario Technique, a variant of the scenario optimization algorithm with reduced samp...
• On Markov Equilibria in Dynamic Inventory Competition AI翻译
  作者：Olsen, Tava Lennon; Parker, Rodney P.
  作者单位：University of Auckland; University of Chicago
  摘要：We provide a review of the types of equilibria typically found in operations management inventory papers and a discussion on when the commonly used stationary infinite-horizon (open-loop) equilibrium may be sufficient for study. We focus particularly on order-up-to and basestock equilibria in the context of inventory duopolies. We give conditions under which the stationary infinite-horizon equilibrium is also a Markov perfect (closed-loop) equilibrium. These conditions are then applied to thre...
• Balancing Exploitation and Exploration in Discrete Optimization via Simulation Through a Gaussian Process-Based Search AI翻译
  作者：Sun, Lihua; Hong, L. Jeff; Hu, Zhaolin
  作者单位：Tongji University; City University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong
  摘要：Random search algorithms are often used to solve discrete optimization-via-simulation (DOvS) problems. The most critical component of a random search algorithm is the sampling distribution that is used to guide the allocation of the search effort. A good sampling distribution can balance the trade-off between the effort used in searching around the current best solution (which is called exploitation) and the effort used in searching largely unknown regions (which is called exploration). Howeve...
• Dynamic Pricing and Inventory Management Under Inventory-Dependent Demand AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Nan; Zhang, Renyu
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：We analyze a finite horizon periodic review joint pricing and inventory management model for a firm that replenishes and sells a product under the scarcity effect of inventory. The demand distribution in each period depends negatively on the sales price and customer-accessible inventory level at the beginning of the period. The firm can withhold or dispose of its on-hand inventory to deal with the scarcity effect. We show that a customer-accessible-inventory-dependent order-upto/dispose-down-t...
• The Value of Stochastic Modeling in Two-Stage Stochastic Programs with Cost Uncertainty AI翻译
  作者：Delage, Erick; Arroyo, Sharon; Ye, Yinyu
  作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Boeing; Stanford University
  摘要：Although stochastic programming is probably the most effective framework for handling decision problems that involve uncertain variables, it is always a costly task to formulate the stochastic model that accurately embodies our knowledge of these variables. In practice, this might require one to collect a large amount of observations, to consult with experts of the specialized field of practice, or to make simplifying assumptions about the underlying system. When none of these options seem fea...