Operations Research

最新文章

• Forecasting and inventory management of short life-cycle products AI翻译
  作者：Kurawarwala, AA; Matsuo, H
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
  摘要：In this paper, we provide an integrated framework for forecasting and inventory management of short life-cycle products. The literature on forecasting and inventory management does not adequately address issues relating to short life-cycle products. We first propose a growth model that can be used to obtain accurate monthly forecasts for the entire life cycle of the product. The model avoids limiting data requirements of traditional methods. Instead, it extracts relevant information from past ...
• Effective inventory and service management through product and process redesign AI翻译
  作者：Lee, HL
  摘要：One of the major challenges to operational managers is product proliferation. Product proliferation makes it difficult to forecast demands accurately, and consequently, leads to high inventory investment and poor customer service. Such proliferation is often a result of the global nature of the market place. Different markets may have different requirements for the product, due to differences in taste, language, geographical environment, or government regulations. Another reason for product pr...
• The service facility startup and capacity model and its application to the National Cranberry case AI翻译
  作者：Li, L; Wang, X
  作者单位：Yale University
  摘要：This paper provides formal modeling for and analytical aid to the startup and capacity problem facing Receiving Plant #1 of National Cranberry Cooperative. The analysis is based on a finite-horizon, single-facility queueing system with general variability. Using marginal analysis, we derive simple formulas that the optimal starting time and processing capacity should satisfy. These formulas lead to the comparative statics results showing that the starting time should be optimally delayed or th...
• Sequential screening in semiconductor manufacturing .1. Exploiting spatial dependence AI翻译
  作者：Longtin, MD; Wein, LM; Welsch, RE
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：This paper addresses a problem of simultaneous quality and quantity control motivated by semiconductor manufacturing. After wafers are fabricated, the individual chips on the wafers are probed, or electrically tested, and, in some cases, the probing facility is the bottleneck for the entire IC manufacturing process. Under this assumption, we consider the problem of choosing the optimal start rate of lots of wafers into the fabrication facility and the optimal chip screening policy in front of ...
• Sequential screening in semiconductor manufacturing .2. Exploiting lot-to-lot variability AI翻译
  作者：Ou, JH; Wein, LM
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：This paper addresses the same quality management problem as Longtin, Wein and Welsch (1996), except that here screening is performed at the wafer level, rather than at the chip level. An empirical Bayes approach is employed: The number of bad chips on a wafer is assumed to be a gamma random variable, where the scale parameter is unknown and varies from lot to lot according to another gamma distribution. We fit the yield model to industrial data and test the optimal policy on these data. The nu...
• Learning from mistakes: A note on just-in-time systems AI翻译
  作者：Ocana, C; Zemel, E
  作者单位：Northwestern University
  摘要：In this paper we seek to reconcile two competing frameworks for inventory management, namely the classical ''optimization'' framework and JIT. While the first is predicated on the premise that the optimal level of inventory is obtained by balancing the costs and benefits of inventory, the latter claims that inventory is a form of waste and thus should be eliminated completely (but gradually). We show that some of the operational characteristics of JIT, as opposed to its rhetoric, can be obtain...
• Managing inventory with the prospect of obsolescence AI翻译
  作者：Song, JS; Zipkin, PH
  作者单位：Duke University
  摘要：How should inventory management respond when there is a possibility of imminent obsolescence (or, more generally, deteriorating demand)? We use an inventory-control model to address this question. The model incorporates a Markovian submodel to describe the uncertain events leading to obsolescence. These events and their uncertainties come in a variety of patterns. We devote considerable attention to specifying the submodel, and we compare a few alternatives numerically. Also, we compare optima...
• Empirical study of manufacturing flexibility in printed circuit board assembly AI翻译
  作者：Suarez, FF; Cusumano, MA; Fine, CH
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：This paper addresses the empirical verification of hypotheses that relate to the strategic use and implementation of manufacturing flexibility. We begin with a literature review and framework for analyzing different types of flexibility in manufacturing. Next, we examine some of the propositions in the framework using data from 31 printed circuit-board plants in Europe, Japan, and the United States. Based on our analysis and findings, we then suggest several new strategic insights related to t...
• Preparing for the future: The opportunities and limitations for INFORMS on the Pacific rim AI翻译
  作者：Coates, JF
  作者单位：George Washington University
  摘要：Based on an address given at the April 1995 INFORMS meeting in Los Angeles, this paper's purpose is to suggest the opportunities that the Pacific Rim will bring to OR/MS and INFORMS. It first looks at the two important needs in the profession: to improve the scope of its communications with the public and to expand the context in which OR/MS work is done. After describing some of the radically unfamiliar and different conditions affecting enterprises on the Pacific Rim and suggesting their imp...
• Model formulation: What experts think about and when AI翻译
  作者：Willemain, TR
  摘要：Model formulation is a critical craft skill that deserves more attention from OR practitioners and educators. As a step toward understanding how experts formulate OR models, I conducted an experiment in which twelve skilled analysts generated think-aloud protocols while working model formulation exercises 60 minutes long. The coded transcripts tracked the modelers' attention to five topics corresponding to stages in the usual OR paradigm: problem context and model structure, realization, asses...