-
作者：Parker, RP; Kapuscinski, R
作者单位：Yale University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper demonstrates optimal policies for capacitated serial multiechelon production/inventory systems. Extending the Clark and Scarf (1960) model to include installations with production capacity limits, we demonstrate that a modified echelon base-stock policy is optimal in a two-stage system when there is a smaller capacity at the downstream facility. This is shown by decomposing the dynamic programming value function into value functions dependent upon individual echelon stock variables....
-
作者：Kim, NK; Chae, KC; Chaudhry, ML
作者单位：Chonnam National University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Royal Military College - Canada
摘要：For a broad class of discrete- and continuous-time queueing systems, we show that the stationary number of customers in system (queue plus servers) is the sum of two independent random variables, one of which is the stationary number of customers in queue and the other is the number of customers that arrive during the time a customer spends in service. We call this relation an invariance relation in the sense that it does not change for a variety of single-sever queues (with batch arrivals and...
-
作者：Bradley, JR
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：This paper considers a production-inventory problem where a manufacturer fulfills stochastic, stationary demand for a single product from a finished-goods inventory. The inventory can be replenished by two production resources, in-house production and a subcontractor, which both have finite capacity. We construct a Brownian approximation of the optimal control problem, assuming that the manufacturer uses a dual base-stock policy to control replenishment from the two sources and that her object...
-
作者：Dogramaci, A; Fraiman, NM
作者单位：Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Columbia University
摘要：How should a manager make replacement decisions for a chain of machines over time if each is maintained by an optimal control model addressing uncertainty of machine breakdowns? A network representation of the problem involves arcs with interdependent costs. A solution algorithm is presented and replacement considerations under technological change are incorporated into a well-known optimal control model for maintenance under uncertainty (that of Kamien and Schwartz 1971). The method is illust...
-
作者：Janakiraman, G; Roundy, RO
作者单位：New York University; Cornell University
摘要：We consider a single-location inventory system with periodic review and stochastic demand. It places replenishment orders to raise the inventory position-that is, inventory on hand plus inventory in transit-to exactly S at the beginning of every period. The lead time associated with each of these orders is random. However, the lead-time process is such that these orders do not cross. Demand that cannot be met with inventory available on hand is lost permanently. We state and prove some sample-...
-
作者：Ziya, S; Ayhan, H; Foley, RD
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：This note discusses the relationships among three assumptions that appear frequently in the pricing/revenue management literature. These assumptions are mostly needed for analytical tractability, and they have the common property of ensuring a well-behaved revenue function. The three assumptions are decreasing marginal revenue with respect to demand, decreasing marginal revenue with respect to price, and increasing price elasticity of demand. We provide proofs and examples to show that none of...
-
作者：Adelman, D
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：We consider a new approach to stochastic inventory/routing that approximates the future costs of current actions using optimal dual prices of a linear program. We obtain two such linear programs by formulating the control problem as a Markov decision process and then replacing the optimal value function with the sum of single-customer inventory value functions. The resulting approximation yields statewise lower bounds on optimal infinite-horizon discounted costs. We present a linear program th...
-
作者：Briant, O; Naddef, D
作者单位：Universite de Bordeaux; Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble
摘要：In some industries, a certain part can be needed in a very large number of different configurations. This is the case, e.g., for the electrical wirings in European car factories. A given configuration can be replaced by a more complete, therefore more expensive, one. The diversity management problem consists of choosing an optimal set of some given number k of configurations that will be produced, any nonproduced configuration being replaced by the cheapest produced one that is compatible with...
-
作者：Armony, M; Maglaras, C
作者单位：New York University; Columbia University
摘要：Motivated by practices in customer contact centers, we consider a system that offers two modes of service: real-time and postponed with a delay guarantee. Customers are informed of anticipated delays and select their preferred option of service. The resulting system is a multiclass, multiserver queueing system with state-dependent, arrival rates. We propose an estimation scheme for the anticipated real-time delay that is asymptotically correct, and a routing policy that is asymptotically optim...
-
作者：Thompson, M; Davison, M; Rasmussen, H
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：We present an algorithm for the valuation, and, optimal operation of hydroelectric and thermal power generators in deregulated electricity markets. Real options theory is used to derive nonlinear partial-integro-differential equations (PIDEs) for the valuation and optimal operating strategies of both types of facilities. The equations are designed to incorporate a wide class of spot price models that can exhibit the same time-dependent, mean-reverting dynamics and price spikes as those observe...
