Operations Research

最新文章

• Reliable Traffic Sensor Deployment Under Probabilistic Disruptions and Generalized Surveillance Effectiveness Measures AI翻译
  作者：Li, Xiaopeng; Ouyang, Yanfeng
  作者单位：Mississippi State University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  摘要：Sensor systems as critical components of a transportation network provide a variety of real-time traffic surveillance information for traffic management and control. The deployment of sensors significantly affects their overall surveillance effectiveness. This paper proposes a reliable sensor location model to optimize surveillance effectiveness when sensors are subject to site-dependent probabilistic failures, and a general effectiveness measure is proposed to encompass most existing measures...
• One-Switch Conditions for Multiattribute Utility Functions AI翻译
  作者：Abbas, Ali E.; Bell, David E.
  作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Harvard University
  摘要：We introduce a variety of new independence conditions for multiattribute utility functions that permit preference dependencies among the attributes of a decision problem. The hierarchy of new conditions varies in the degree to which it specifies the functional form, ranging from more general solutions with weaker constraints, to more specific solutions with stronger constraints. This formulation provides a wealth of new functional forms that a decision maker may use in a multiattribute decisio...
• Geo-Graphs: An Efficient Model for Enforcing Contiguity and Hole Constraints in Planar Graph Partitioning AI翻译
  作者：King, Douglas M.; Jacobson, Sheldon H.; Sewell, Edward C.; Cho, Wendy K. Tam
  作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Southern Illinois University System; Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  摘要：Political districting is an intractable problem with significant ramifications for political representation. Districts often are required to satisfy some legal constraints, but these typically are not very restrictive, allowing decision makers to influence the composition of these districts without violating relevant laws. For example, while districts must often comprise a single contiguous area, a vast collection of acceptable solutions (i.e., sets of districts) remains. Choosing the best set...
• Ranking Games and Gambling: When to Quit When You're Ahead AI翻译
  作者：Anderson, Edward
  作者单位：University of Sydney
  摘要：It is common for rewards to be given on the basis of a rank ordering, so that relative performance amongst a cohort is the criterion. In this paper we formulate an equilibrium model in which an agent makes successive decisions on whether or not to gamble and is rewarded on the basis of a rank ordering of the final position amongst competing players. One application of this model is to the behavior of mutual fund managers who are paid depending on funds under management, which in turn are great...
• A Simple Approximation Algorithm for Computing Arrow-Debreu Prices AI翻译
  作者：Ghiyasvand, Mehdi; Orlin, James B.
  作者单位：Bu Ali Sina University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：We consider the Arrow-Debreu market with linear utilities in which there is a set G of divisible goods and a set B of buyers. Each buyer starts with an initial endowment of goods. The buyer's utility function is a linearly separable function of the goods that the buyer purchases. We develop a simple and efficient algorithm for determining an approximate market equilibrium. Our algorithm finds an E-approximate solution in O(n/epsilon(vertical bar B vertical bar vertical bar G vertical bar)) tim...
• Is Tail-Optimal Scheduling Possible? AI翻译
  作者：Wierman, Adam; Zwart, Bert
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI)
  摘要：This paper focuses on the competitive analysis of scheduling disciplines in a large deviations setting. Although there are policies that are known to optimize the sojourn time tail under a large class of heavy-tailed job sizes (e.g., processor sharing and shortest remaining processing time) and there are policies known to optimize the sojourn time tail in the case of light-tailed job sizes (e.g., first come first served), no policies are known that can optimize the sojourn time tail across bot...
• Performance Guarantees for Empirical Markov Decision Processes with Applications to Multiperiod Inventory Models AI翻译
  作者：Cooper, William L.; Rangarajan, Bharath
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Target Corporation
  摘要：We consider Markov decision processes with unknown transition probabilities and unknown single-period expected cost functions, and we study a method for estimating these quantities from historical or simulated data. The method requires knowledge of the system equations that govern state transitions as well as the single-period cost functions (but not the single-period expected cost functions). The estimation procedure is based upon taking expectations with respect to the empirical distribution...
• An Overloaded Multiclass FIFO Queue with Abandonments AI翻译
  作者：Jennings, Otis B.; Reed, Josh E.
  作者单位：Columbia University; New York University
  摘要：In this paper we consider a single-server queue fed by K independent renewal arrival streams, each representing a different job class. Jobs are processed in a FIFO fashion, regardless of class. The total amount of work arriving to the system exceeds the server's capacity. That is, the nominal traffic intensity of the system is assumed to be greater than one. Jobs arriving to the system grow impatient and abandon the queue after a random amount of time if service has not yet begun. Interarrival...
• Introduction to the OR Forum Article: A POMDP Approach to Personalize Mammography Screening Decisions by Turgay Ayer, Oguzhan Alagoz, and Natasha K. Stout AI翻译
  作者：Pinker, Edieal J.
  作者单位：University of Rochester
• OR Forum-A POMDP Approach to Personalize Mammography Screening Decisions AI翻译
  作者：Ayer, Turgay; Alagoz, Oguzhan; Stout, Natasha K.
  作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Harvard Pilgrim Health Care; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：Breast cancer is the most common nonskin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in U.S. women. Although mammography is the most effective modality for breast cancer screening, it has several potential risks, including high false-positive rates. Therefore, the balance of benefits and risks, which depend on personal characteristics, is critical in designing a mammography screening schedule. In contrast to prior research and existing guidelines that consider population-based screenin...