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作者：Abbas, Ali E.; Bell, David E.
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Southern California; Harvard University
摘要：We study the problem of finding ordinal utility functions to rank the outcomes of a decision when preference independence between the attributes is not present. We propose that the next level of complexity is to assume that preferences over one attribute can switch at most once as another attribute varies from low to high. We refer to this property as ordinal one-switch independence. We present both necessary and sufficient conditions for this ordinal property to hold and provide families of f...
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作者：Bleichrodt, Han; Keskin, Umut; Rohde, Kirsten I. M.; Spinu, Vitalie; Wakker, Peter
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Istanbul Bilgi University
摘要：We introduce a new type of preference condition for intertemporal choice, which requires present values to be independent of various other variables. The new conditions are more concise and more transparent than traditional ones. They are directly related to applications because present values are widely used tools in intertemporal choice. Our conditions give more general behavioral axiomatizations, which facilitate normative debates and empirical tests of time inconsistencies and related phen...
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作者：Kim, Kibaek; Mehrotra, Sanjay
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：We study the problem of integrated staffing and scheduling under demand uncertainty. This problem is formulated as a two-stage stochastic integer program with mixed-integer recourse. The here-and-now decision is to find initial staffing levels and schedules. The wait-and-see decision is to adjust these schedules at a time closer to the actual date of demand realization. We show that the mixed-integer rounding inequalities for the second-stage problem convexify the recourse function. As a resul...
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作者：Meng, Fanwen; Qi, Jin; Zhang, Meilin; Ang, James; Chu, Singfat; Sim, Melvyn
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; National University of Singapore
摘要：The admission of emergency patients in a hospital is unscheduled, urgent, and takes priority over elective patients, who are usually scheduled several days in advance. Hospital beds are a critical resource, and the management of elective admissions by enforcing quotas could reduce incidents of shortfall. We propose a distributionally robust optimization approach for managing elective admissions to determine these quotas. Based on an ambiguous set of probability distributions, we propose an opt...
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作者：Prekopa, Andras; Unuvar, Merve
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA
摘要：Single commodity networks are considered, where demands at the nodes are random. The problem is to find minimum cost optimal built in capacities at the nodes and arcs subject to the constraint that all demands should be met on a prescribed probability level (reliability constraint) and some deterministic constraints should be satisfied. The reliability constraint is formulated in terms of the Gale-Hoffman feasibility inequalities, but their number is reduced by elimination technique. The conce...
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作者：Goh, Joel; Bjarnadottir, Margret V.; Bayati, Mohsen; Zenios, Stefanos A.
作者单位：Harvard University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Stanford University
摘要：Postmarketing drug surveillance is the process of monitoring the adverse events of pharmaceutical or medical devices after they are approved by the appropriate regulatory authorities. Historically, such surveillance was based on voluntary reports by medical practitioners, but with the widespread adoption of electronic medical records and comprehensive patient databases, surveillance systems that utilize such data are of considerable interest. Unfortunately, existing methods for analyzing the d...
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作者：Pinker, Edieal J.
作者单位：Yale University
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作者：Peura, Heikki; Bunn, Derek W.
作者单位：University of London; London Business School; University of London; London Business School
摘要：Peak producers of nonstorable products, such as electricity, provide crucial flexible operating capacity to respond to infrequent and transient high demand periods. Faced with these uncertain revenue-earning opportunities, despite often having significant price-setting power, they need to profit from a limited number of pricing decisions in order to meet financial targets for viability. We study the repeated interaction between peak producers with a model that captures both the uncertainty in ...
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作者：Wu, Shining; Liu, Qian; Zhang, Rachel Q.
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：We consider a retailer that sells the same or different versions of the product season after season. At the beginning of each season (stage 1), the retailer places an order and sells the product at the full price. As the sales unfold, the retailer has an opportunity to mark down the price (stage 2), which creates an incentive for strategic consumers to delay their purchases for price discount. However, consumers do not know the markdown price exactly when they time their purchases; instead, th...
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作者：Jacquillat, Alexandre; Odoni, Amedeo R.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Carnegie Mellon University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Most flight delays are created by imbalances between demand and capacity at the busiest airports. Absent large increases in capacity, airport congestion can only be mitigated through scheduling interventions or improved capacity utilization. This paper presents an integrated approach that jointly optimizes the airport's flight schedule at the strategic level and the utilization of airport capacity at the tactical level, subject to scheduling, capacity, and delay-reduction constraints. The capa...
