-
作者：RICHARDSON, J
摘要：Japanese auto makers are reported to enjoy high supplier performance through long-term relationships, specific investments, and sole sourcing. Quality management consultants in the U.S. have been strongly advocating adoption of these practices. But economic and management theorists would predict that the combination of a high level of relationship-specific investments and sole sourcing will lead to problems with supplier performance. In fact the Japanese auto makers use a hybrid form of organi...
-
作者：MEZIAS, SJ; GLYNN, MA
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：We examine corporate renewal by taking a structural approach and focusing on the routines and rules that are part of large, established, bureaucratic organizations. We characterize approaches to the management of innovation in terms of three different themes-institutional, revolutional, and evolutional strategies. The first two approaches involve intentional efforts to encourage innovation, either within the current organizational paradigm (institutionalizing innovation) or moving away from it...
-
作者：PETERAF, MA
摘要：This paper elucidates the underlying economics of the resource-based view of competitive advantage and integrates existing perspectives into a parsimonious model of resources and firm performance. The essence of this model is that four conditions underlie sustained competitive advantage, all of which must be met. These include superior resources (heterogeneity within an industry), ex post limits to competition, imperfect resource mobility, and ex ante limits to competition. In the concluding s...
-
作者：ROBINS, JA
摘要：Few changes in the structure of firms have attracted as much attention during the last decade as the movement away from integrated production and toward cooperative relations among independent organizations. Despite recent emphasis on these strategies of 'disaggregation' and 'network' organization, little quantitative research exists on the impact of this type of reorganization on economic performance-at least in part due to the difficulty of obtaining appropriate data. The economic impact of ...
-
作者：LONG, WF; RAVENSCRAFT, DJ
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：This paper deals with the impact of debt on R&D intensity for firms undergoing a leveraged buyout (LBO). We develop seven hypotheses based on capital market imperfection theories and agency theory. To test these hypotheses, we compare 72 R&D performing LBOs with 3329 non-LBO control observations and 126 LBOs with little or no R&D expenditures. The regressions yield four statistically significant major findings. First, pre-LBO R&D intensity is roughly one-half of the overall manufacturing mean ...
-
作者：ITO, K; PUCIK, V
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：This paper examines three factors influencing the export performances of Japanese manufacturing firms: R&D spending, domestic competitive position, and firm size. Export sales are positively associated with (1) R&D expenditures, (2) size of a firm, and (3) average R&D intensity of an industry. A firm's export ratio is related to the size of the firm, but not to the firm's and the industry's R&D intensities. Follower firms are characterized by higher export ratios than market leaders. The resul...
-
作者：ZAJAC, EJ; KRAATZ, MS
摘要：This study examines the environmental and organizational forces, counter-forces, and performance consequences of strategic restructuring in the higher education industry. The study proposes a diametric forces model to address the conflicting pressures for strategic change faced by these organizations, and uses extensive longitudinal data spanning the last two decades to examine the ways in which restructuring has been used as a successful adaptive response. The results suggest that, contrary t...
-
作者：BOONE, C; DEBRABANDER, B
作者单位：University of Antwerp
摘要：Hodgkinson (1992) recently advocated in this journal that measures of generalized control expectancies, such as the well known Rotter I-E scale (Rotter, 1966), are not suited to study the relationship between the locus of control beliefs of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) on the one hand and strategic, structural and performance variables on the other hand. According to Hodgkinson (1992) a more specific scale, measuring strategic control expectancies, should be used in future research. We argu...
-
作者：HEATH, C; KNEZ, M; CAMERER, C
摘要：Over time, members of organizations develop entitlements-preferences about how they wish to be treated and beliefs about how they should be treated. The formation of entitlements is an important subject for strategy researchers because employees resist changes that violate their perceived entitlements; thus entitlements constrain an organization's ability to adapt quickly in a changing environment. In this paper, we use psychological research to propose a two-part model of entitlements formati...
-
作者：HAMBRICK, DC; GELETKANYCZ, MA; FREDRICKSON, JW
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Some top executives are more committed to the status quo-particularly to their organization's current strategy and leadership profile-than are others. Most empirical research on upper echelons treats psychological phenomena as a 'black box'-the unobserved intervening mechanisms-that causes associations between more observable executive characteristics and organizational outcomes. In contrast, this paper attempts to directly examine the determinants of an important element of an executive's psy...
