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作者：Beck, Tammy E.; Plowman, Donde Ashmos
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville
摘要：Organizations have difficulty learning from rare and unusual events because of their inability to interpret these events. Because organizations develop habitual ways of interpreting events-often top down-they can easily miss the novelty of rare and unusual events, which prevents them from experiencing events richly. We propose a multilevel, multistaged model of organizational interpretation that highlights the important, but generally unacknowledged, role middle managers can play in helping or...
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作者：Groysberg, Boris; Lee, Linda-Eling
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This paper examines exploration and exploitation in professional service firms by focusing on the individuals who carry out the exploration and exploitation activities. Specifically, we examine the performance of star security analysts who join new firms in exploration versus exploitation roles. We find that stars hired to explore (initiate new activities) experience a short- and long-term performance decline; by contrast, stars who join new firms to exploit (reinforce existing activities) suf...
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作者：Sarkar, M. B.; Aulakh, Preet S.; Madhok, Anoop
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; Grenoble Ecole Management; York University - Canada; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：This paper develops a multidimensional, process-based conceptualization of alliance portfolio management capability. Arguing that such a capability consists of organizational processes to proactively pursue alliance formation opportunities, engage in relational governance, and coordinate knowledge and strategies across the portfolio, we examine the impact of such a capability on organizational outcomes in the context of formal structure ( alliance function) and strategy ( portfolio diversity)....
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作者：Devers, Cynthia E.; Dewett, Todd; Mishina, Yuri; Belsito, Carrie A.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University System of Ohio; Wright State University Dayton; Michigan State University; Michigan State University's Broad College of Business; Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University
摘要：In recent years, the term stigma has been widely applied to organizations. However, scholars have yet to advance a theoretically consistent definition or comprehensive theory of organizational stigma. The purpose of this paper is to de. ne the construct of organizational stigma and provide a general theory that explains the conditions under which organizational stigmas are likely to arise, how this process unfolds, and the initial effects stigmas inflict on organizations. In doing so, we disti...
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作者：Hudson, Bryant Ashley; Okhuysen, Gerardo A.
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：We examine how organizations that suffer core stigma - disapproval for their core attributes - survive. We explain how men's bathhouses avoid negative attention and minimize the transfer of stigma to their network partners, including customers, suppliers, and regulators, through careful management of their business activities. Using observational, archival, and interview data across different institutional environments, we find that, in response to suffering core stigma, men's bathhouses use a...
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作者：Sonenshein, Scott
作者单位：Rice University
摘要：Using qualitative data from a Fortune 500 company undergoing a strategic change, I describe the emergence of three ethical issues and build a theory to explain how this emergence unfolds. I find that some employees reframe the meaning of strategic issues as involving ethical implications because of trigger points, ambiguity, and the use of an available employee welfare frame. These employees take the meaning of strategic issues and reinterpret them as either leading to harmful consequences or ...
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作者：Tsoukas, Haridimos
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：Despite several insightful empirical studies on how new knowledge is created in organizations, there is still no satisfactory answer to the question, how is new knowledge created in organizations? The purpose of this paper is to address this question by focusing on direct social interaction, adopting a dialogical approach. The following argument is advanced. From a dialogical perspective, new knowledge in organizations originates in the individual ability to draw new distinctions concerning a ...
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作者：Fang, Christina; Levinthal, Daniel
作者单位：New York University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：The classic trade-off between exploration and exploitation reflects the tension between gaining new information about alternatives to improve future returns and using the information currently available to improve present returns. By considering these issues in the context of a multistage, as opposed to a repeated, problem environment, we show that exploratory behavior has value quite apart from its role in revising beliefs. We show that even if current beliefs provide an unbiased characteriza...
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作者：Lacetera, Nicola
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University
摘要：This paper proposes a theory for why firms conduct some research activities in-house but outsource other projects to independent partners and for why firms retain different degrees of control over collaborative research projects. The focus is on the determinants of a company's choice to outsource research projects to academic organizations. Because of the different institutional missions of academic organizations, outsourcing a project to a university allows a firm to commit not to terminate o...
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作者：Lampel, Joseph; Shamsie, Jamal; Shapira, Zur
作者单位：City St Georges, University of London; Michigan State University; Michigan State University's Broad College of Business; New York University
摘要：Organizations that go through rare and unusual events, whether they are costly or beneficial, face the challenge of interpreting and learning from these experiences. Although research suggests that organizations respond to this challenge in a variety of ways, we lack a framework for comparing and analyzing how organizational learning is affected by rare events. This paper develops such a framework. We begin by first outlining two views of rare events. The first view defines rare events as prob...
