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作者:Carnegie Mellon University
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作者:University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
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作者:University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要:Southern unions were the weak link in the American labor movement, organizing a smaller share of the labor force than did unions in the northern states or in Europe. Structural conditions, including a racially divided rural population, obstructed southern unionization. The South's distinctive political system also blocked unionization. A strict racial code compelling whites to support the Democratic Party and the disfranchisement of southern blacks and many working-class whites combined to cre...
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作者:University of Essex
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作者:University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University
摘要:This article examines the effects of state-level legal innovations governing labor disputes in the late 1800s, This was a period of legal ferment in which worker organizations and employers actively lobbied state governments for changes in the rules governing labor disputes, Cross-state heterogeneity in the legal environment provides an unusual opportunity to investigate the effects of these laws, We use a unique data set with information on 12,965 strikes to show that most of these law change...
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作者:University of Sheffield
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作者:Princeton University
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作者:Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
摘要:Understanding industrial decline is important from both historical and policy perspectives. The United States was the world's leading producer of gum naval stores in the early twentieth century, but by the late 1970s production had all but ceased. Evidence presented here indicates that changing relative prices induced forest owners,the key stakeholders, to shift production towards other forest products. Nevertheless, the federal government continued to provide transfers to this industry even a...
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作者:Marquette University
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作者:Research Triangle Institute