作者:Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Berkeley
作者:Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Fordham University
作者:Connecticut State University System; Southern Connecticut State University
作者:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
作者:Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要:This article addresses two related questions. To what extent did cities and towns provide African Americans adequate water and sewer services during the era of Jim Crow (1880-1925)? What motivated local governments to allow African Americans access to water and sewerage services? In light of the treatment African Americans received from state and local governments in areas such as education and police protection, it seems odd that blacks would have received any water and sewer service. Two exp...
作者:Northwestern University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital