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作者：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
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作者：University of Tsukuba
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作者：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Through a detailed reconstruction of 1933 GDP for the two provinces in China's most advanced region, the Lower Yangzi, I show that their per capita income was 55 percent higher than China's average, and they had experienced a growth and structural change between 1914-1918 and 1931-1936 comparable to contemporaneous Japan and her East Asian colonies. This article highlights the unique political institution of early-twentieth-century Shanghai as a city state, with its rule of law and secure prop...
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作者：University Externado Colombia
摘要：The rapid decline of German emigration before World War I constitutes a puzzle that traditional explanations have difficulty in solving. The article shows that the social legislation implemented by Bismarck during the 1880s-the most developed at the time-played a key role in this process. Indeed, candidates for migration considered not only the gap between direct wages (labor earnings) in the United States and Germany, but also the differential in indirect wages, that is, social benefits. In t...
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作者：University of Warwick; Max Planck Society
摘要：This response offers a critical appraisal of the claim of Albrecht Ritschl to have found a possible resolution to what he calls the Anglo-German industrial productivity puzzle, which arose as the result of a new industrial production index produced in an earlier paper by the same author.(1) Projection back from a widely accepted 1935/36 benchmark using the Ritschl index showed German industrial labor productivity in 1907 substantially higher than in Britain. This presented a puzzle for at leas...
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作者：Santa Clara University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Claremont Colleges; Claremont Graduate University; Claremont McKenna College
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作者：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
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作者：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
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作者：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Arizona; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The cliometrics literature oil slave efficiency has generally focused on static questions. We take a decidedly more dynamic approach. Drawing on the records of 1421 plantations with 509 crops years, we show that the average daily cotton-picking rate increased about fourfold between 1801 and 1862. We argue that the development and diffusion of new cotton varieties were the primary sources of the increased efficiency. These findings have broad implications for understanding the South's preeminen...
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作者：Burentte, Joyce
