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作者：Goux, Dominique; Maurin, Eric
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Children's outcomes are strongly correlated with those of their neighbours. The extent to which this is causal is the subject of an extensive literature. There is an identification problem because people with similar characteristics are observed to live in close proximity. Another major difficulty is that neighbourhoods measured in available data are often considerably larger than those which matter for outcomes (i.e. close neighbours). Several institutional features of France enable us to add...
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作者：Besley, Timothy
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：The aim of the New Political Economy is to understand important issues that arise in the policy sphere.(1) It is not, as is occasionally hinted, an effort by economists to colonise political science. Rather, the main concern is to extend the competence of economists to analyse issues that require some facility with economic and political decision making. At the margin, the New Political Economy reverses the split that occurred between the disciplines of economics and political science at the e...
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作者：Barwell, Richard D.; Schweitzer, Mark E.
作者单位：Bank of England; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Kansas City
摘要：This article analyses the extent of rigidities in wage setting in Great Britain over the 1980s and 1990s. Our estimation strategy follows the generalised Altonji and Devereux (2000) model discussed in the introduction to this Feature, but it includes modifications to include some special features of the British data. Our estimates reveal that real rigidities in wage setting are more prevalent than nominal rigidities in Great Britain, although the incidence of these real wage rigidities has fal...
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作者：Alonso-Carrera, Jaime; Caballe, Jordi; Raurich, Xavier
作者单位：Universidade de Vigo; Autonomous University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona
摘要：We consider an economy where individuals use their standard of living based on past consumption in order to evaluate the utility arising from current consumption. We analyse how this process of preference formation affects the bequest motive. We show that habits (based on one's own past consumption) reduce the willingness of individuals to leave bequests, while aspirations (based on the standard of living of parents) make the existence of positive bequests easier. The long-run effects of both ...
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作者：Camerer, Colin F.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：Neuroeconomics seeks to ground economic theory in detailed neural mechanisms which are expressed mathematically and make behavioural predictions. One finding is that simple kinds of economising for life-and-death decisions (food, sex and danger) do occur in the brain as rational theories assume. Another set of findings appears to support the neural basis of constructs posited in behavioural economics, such as a preference for immediacy and nonlinear weighting of small and large probabilities. ...
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作者：Gruener, Hans Peter; Schils, Ruediger
作者单位：University of Mannheim; RWE Group
摘要：We study the relationship between wealth redistribution and the allocation of firm-ownership. The economy's wealth distribution affects the equilibrium interest rate and the allocation of entrepreneurial rents when wealth determines agents' ability to borrow. This leads to an unconventional voting behaviour of the politically decisive middle class: the political preferences of middle and upper class voters coincide when redistribution only has an adverse interest-rate effect. Middle class vote...
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作者：Donni, Olivier
作者单位：CY Cergy Paris Universite
摘要：This article deals with female labour supply in the collective framework. It studies married couples and starting from the empirical observation that the husband's labour supply is generally fixed at full-time. It shows that, in this case, structural elements of the decision process, such as individual preferences or the rule that determines the intra-household distribution of welfare, can be identified if household demand for at least one commodity, together with the wife's labour supply, is ...
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作者：Ekholm, Karolina; Hakkala, Katariina
作者单位：Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：This article extends the theory of multinational firms by allowing for agglomeration forces in firm-level activities such as R&D as well as in production. We develop a two-country general-equilibrium model where firms make separate choices about the location of R&D and production. There are R&D spillovers and a home-market effect creating incentives for firms to locate production in the relatively large market. For relatively weak R&D spillovers and intermediate trade costs, the smaller econom...
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作者：Sarafidis, Yianis
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：How should a rational agent (politician/employee/advertiser) release information in order to manipulate the memory imperfections of his forgetful assessor (electorate/supervisor/consumer)? This article attempts to answer this question using a memory model based on the principles of recency, similarity and repetition. I show that the problem of a rational agent who releases information to a forgetful assessor can be modelled as a standard dynamic optimisation problem and we describe the propert...
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作者：Immervoll, Herwig; Kleven, Henrik Jacobsen; Kreiner, Claus Thustrup; Saez, Emmanuel
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article compares the effects of increasing traditional welfare to introducing in-work benefits in the 15 (pre-enlargement) countries of the European Union. We use a labour supply model encompassing responses to taxes and transfers along both the intensive and extensive margins, and the EUROMOD microsimulation model to estimate current marginal and participation tax rates. We quantify the equity-efficiency trade-off for a range of elasticity parameters. In most countries, because of large ...
