Science

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• In situ observations of large-amplitude Alfvén waves heating and accelerating the solar wind AI翻译
  作者：Rivera, Yeimy J.; Badman, Samuel T.; Stevens, Michael L.; Verniero, Jaye L.; Stawarz, Julia E.; Shi, Chen; Raines, Jim M.; Paulson, Kristoff W.; Owen, Christopher J.; Niembro, Tatiana; Louarn, Philippe; Livi, Stefano A.; Lepri, Susan T.; Kasper, Justin C.; Horbury, Timothy S.; Halekas, Jasper S.; Dewey, Ryan M.; De Marco, Rossana; Bale, Stuart D.
  作者单位：Smithsonian Institution; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Northumbria University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of London; University College London; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Southwest Research Institute; Imperial College London; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：After leaving the Sun's corona, the solar wind continues to accelerate and cools, but more slowly than expected for a freely expanding adiabatic gas. Alfv & eacute;n waves are perturbations of the interplanetary magnetic field that transport energy. We use in situ measurements from the Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter spacecraft to investigate a stream of solar wind as it traverses the inner heliosphere. The observations show heating and acceleration of the plasma between the outer edge of...
• A p62-dependent rheostat dictates micronuclei catastrophe and chromosome rearrangements AI翻译
  作者：Martin, Sara; Scorzoni, Simone; Cordone, Sara; Mazzagatti, Alice; Beznoussenko, Galina V.; Gunn, Amanda L.; Di Bona, Melody; Eliezer, Yonatan; Leor, Gil; Ben-Yishay, Tal; Loffreda, Alessia; Cancila, Valeria; Rainone, Maria Chiara; Ippolito, Marica Rosaria; Martis, Valentino; Bedin, Fabio; Garre, Massimiliano; Vaites, Laura Pontano; Vasapolli, Paolo; Polo, Simona; Parazzoli, Dario; Tripodo, Claudio; Mironov, Alexander A.; Cuomo, Alessandro; Ben-David, Uri; Bakhoum, Samuel F.; Hatch, Emily M.; Ly, Peter; Santaguida, Stefano
  作者单位：IRCCS European Institute of Oncology (IEO); University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; IFOM - FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele; University of Palermo; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; University of Milan; Royal College of Surgeons - Ireland
  摘要：Chromosomal instability (CIN) generates micronuclei-aberrant extranuclear structures that catalyze the acquisition of complex chromosomal rearrangements present in cancer. Micronuclei are characterized by persistent DNA damage and catastrophic nuclear envelope collapse, which exposes DNA to the cytoplasm. We found that the autophagic receptor p62/SQSTM1 modulates micronuclear stability, influencing chromosome fragmentation and rearrangements. Mechanistically, proximity of micronuclei to mitoch...
• Team wrings H2O from lunar soil AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Adrenaline as soul food AI翻译
  作者：Childress, Luke
  作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Medical Sciences
• Climate Capitalism: Winning the Race to Zero Emissions and Solving the Crisis of Our Age AI翻译
  作者：Ali, Saleem H.
  作者单位：University of Delaware
• Element cycling with micro(nano)plastics AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Wei; Xia, Xinghui
  作者单位：Beijing Normal University
  摘要：Plastics in the environment can alter a wide range of biogeochemical cycles Plastic pollution of oceans, terrestrial ecosystems, fresh water, and the atmosphere is pervasive. However, understanding of the interaction between plastics that contaminate the environment and Earth's biogeochemical cycles of elements (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur) is only beginning to emerge. Microplastics (plastic particles <5 mm) and nanoplastics (<1 mu m) are particularly widespread. They originate from t...
• Synthetic biology startups face a 'reckoning' AI翻译
  作者：Service, Robert F.
  摘要：Three big firms falter, but startups find niches in pharma and other small-volume markets
• SETI targets distant galaxies AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Dryland self-expansion enabled by land-atmosphere feedbacks AI翻译
  作者：Koppa, Akash; Keune, Jessica; Schumacher, Dominik L.; Michaelides, Katerina; Singer, Michael; Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Miralles, Diego G.
  作者单位：Ghent University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Bristol; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Cardiff University
  摘要：Dryland expansion causes widespread water scarcity and biodiversity loss. Although the drying influence of global warming is well established, the role of existing drylands in their own expansion is relatively unknown. In this work, by tracking the air flowing over drylands, we show that the warming and drying of that air contributes to dryland expansion in the downwind direction. As they dry, drylands contribute less moisture and more heat to downwind humid regions, reducing precipitation and...
• Protect the safety of researchers AI翻译
  作者：Gerards, Janneke
  作者单位：Utrecht University
  摘要：An accommodating and supportive environment is essential to conducting scientific research. Yet, in almost every country, researchers can experience harassment, threats, prosecution, or even violence for opinions they express or for their work in relation to high-profile issues. Although many international and regional reports on this issue are patchy in terms of comprehensiveness and representation, they reveal clear and worrying trends-namely, that researchers working in politically charged ...