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作者：AITCHISON, J
作者单位：University of Hong Kong
摘要：A statistical diagnostic system devised for a particular clinic may require appreciable modification when either the method of measurement of any of the diagnostic features changes within the clinic, or the system is applied to another clinic where different methods of measurement are used. In either circumstance, the transfer can be effectively made only on the basis of information from a calibration experiment designed to establish the relationship between the different methods of measuremen...
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作者：BUHRMAN, JM
摘要：Fisher''s (1925) test can deal with the hypothesis of equal probabilities of success of 2 experiments, A and B. The test requires a fixed number of experiments of both kinds. If the experimental design is changed into randomizing the numbers of experiments A and B, other kinds of hypotheses can be tested exactly and exact confidence intervals can be constructed.
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作者：OAKES, D
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Various procedures are considered for fitting a regression model to censored survival data in continuous time with time-dependent covariate functions. These include maximum likelihood with the underlying hazard function known completely and known up to a multiplicative constant and the maximization of Cox''s partial likelihood. Explicit formulae for the asymptotic variances of the estimators are derived informally and compared. It is shown how sample second derivatives may be used to estimate ...
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作者：HYDE, J
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：In some area of life testing, subjects may enter or leave the study after they have been put on test. Statistics are presented for testing the hypothesis that the lifetimes have a given distribution for both the discrete and continuous cases. They are shown to be asymptotically normal by associating a martingale with the life process and using basic results about stopping times. There is some discussion of the effect of weight functions on power. An example of the test is provided.
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作者：WILLIAMS, JS; LAGAKOS, SW
作者单位：Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY
摘要：In the analysis of survival-type variables arising from medical investigations, one is often faced with incomplete or right-censored observations. In many cases the mechanisms leading to censoring are intrinsically related to the survival variable and standard methods of analysis are not appropriate. Consequences are examined of the dependence of survival on the causes of censoring. Also examined are the testability of a set of data for the importance in survival inferences of the underlying c...
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作者：SEAL, HL
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
摘要：Given 2 states A and B such that individuals in state A have mutually exclusive probabilities, possibly dependent on the time spent in state A, of leaving that state because of death, or passage to state B. The probability of an individual passing to state B and dying there within a given period was studied. This problem has been of great interest and importance to actuaries for over 100 yr and the solutions of their professional contemporaries have appeared in their textbooks. Twenty-five yea...
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作者：TITTERINGTON, DM
作者单位：University of Glasgow
摘要：The procedure, due to Aitchison and Aitken (1976), of analyzing multivariate binary data by kernel methods was extended to deal with missing data problems. The performance of the techniques was discussed for univariate, bivariate and for specific multivariate data. Comparisons were drawn with other approaches.
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作者：MCCULLAGH, P
作者单位：University of London; Imperial College London
摘要：Clayton (1974) proposed some simple odds-ratio statistics for comparing 2 independent samples of ordered categorical data. These ideas were extended to a related model for paired data. Two types of estimators were proposed and their efficiency and consistency were investigated. In the special case where there were only 2 categories the model reduces to Cox''s (1958) model for binary paired comparisons.
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作者：WAHRENBERGER, DL; ANTLE, CE; KLIMKO, LA
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：Fox suggested and evaluated several non-Bayesian rules for the problem of the 2-armed bandit. Several Bayesian rules for this problem are compared with the best of Fox''s rules. If a reasonably appropriate prior is used, Bayesian rules are better than Fox''s rule. Bayesian rules are quite robust with regard to the choice of a prior. [This method has application to corresponding medical experiments.].
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作者：GOUGH, KJ
作者单位：Newcastle University - UK
摘要：For many diseases an individual once infected is unable to pass on the disease for what is called the latent period. He then passes into the infectious period, which ends when his symptoms appear and he is removed from circulation. Several attempts to model this situation are described, with emphasis on a model in which the latent period and the infectious period are proportional to .chi.2 variates. The likelihood function is derived for data consisting of interremoval times from households of...
