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作者：Wang, Weizhen
作者单位：Beijing University of Technology; University System of Ohio; Wright State University Dayton
摘要：For a hypergeometric distribution, denoted by Hyper(M, N, n), where N is the population size, M is the number of population units with some attribute, and n is the given sample size, there are two parametric cases: (i) N is unknown and M is given; (ii) M is unknown and N is given. For each case, we first show that the minimum coverage probability of commonly used approximate intervals is much smaller than the nominal level for any n, then we provide exact smallest lower and upper one-sided con...
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作者：Hudgens, Michael G.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
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作者：McKeague, Ian W.; Qian, Min
作者单位：Columbia University
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作者：Bhattacharya, Anirban; Pati, Debdeep; Pillai, Natesh S.; Dunson, David B.
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; Harvard University; Duke University
摘要：Penalized regression methods, such as L-1 regularization, are routinely used in high-dimensional applications, and there is a rich literature on optimality properties under sparsity assumptions. In the Bayesian paradigm, sparsity is routinely induced through two-component mixture priors having a probability mass at zero, but such priors encounter daunting computational problems in high dimensions. This has motivated continuous shrinkage priors, which can be expressed as global-local scale mixt...
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作者：McKeague, Ian W.; Qian, Min
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：This article investigates marginal screening for detecting the presence of significant predictors in high-dimensional regression. Screening large numbers of predictors is a challenging problem due to the nonstandard limiting behavior of post-model-selected estimators. There is a common misconception that the oracle property for such estimators is a panacea, but the oracle property only holds away from the null hypothesis of interest in marginal screening. To address this difficulty, we propose...
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作者：Zhang, Jian; Su, Li
作者单位：University of Kent; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge
摘要：Characterizing the brain source activity using magnetoencephalography (MEG) requires solving an ill-posed inverse problem. Most source reconstruction procedures are performed in terms of power comparison. However, in the presence of voxel-specific noises, the direct power analysis can be misleading due to the power distortion as suggested by our multiple trial MEG study on a face-perception experiment. To tackle the issue, we propose a temporal autocorrelation-based method for the above analys...
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作者：Kasahara, Hiroyuki; Shimotsu, Katsumi
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Tokyo
摘要：Testing the number of components in finite normal mixture models is a long-standing challenge because of its nonregularity. This article studies likelihood-based testing of the number of components in normal mixture regression models with heteroscedastic components. We construct a likelihood-based test of the null hypothesis of m(0) components against the alternative hypothesis of m(0) + 1 components for any m0. The null asymptotic distribution of the proposed modified EM test statistic is the...
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作者：Mohler, G. O.; Short, M. B.; Malinowski, Sean; Johnson, Mark; Tita, G. E.; Bertozzi, Andrea L.; Brantingham, P. J.
作者单位：Santa Clara University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：The concentration of police resources in stable crime hotspots has proven effective in reducing crime, but the extent to which police can disrupt dynamically changing crime hotspots is unknown. Police must be able to anticipate the future location of dynamic hotspots to disrupt them. Here we report results of two randomized controlled trials of near real-time epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) crime forecasting, one trial within three divisions of the Los Angeles Police Department and th...
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作者：Rosenbaum, Paul R.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Claims based on observational studies that a treatment has certain effects are often met with counterclaims asserting that the treatment is without effect, that associations are produced by biased treatment assignment. Some counterclaims undermine themselves in the following specific sense: presuming the counterclaim to be true may strengthen the support that the original data provide for the original claim, so that the counterclaim fails in its role as a critique of the original claim. In mat...
