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作者：Zubizarreta, Jose R.; Keele, Luke
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University; Georgetown University; Georgetown University
摘要：A distinctive feature of a clustered observational study is its multilevel or nested data structure arising from the assignment of treatment, in a nonrandom manner, to groups or clusters of units or individuals. Examples are ubiquitous in the health,and social sciences including patients in hospitals, employees in firms, and students in schools. What is the optimal matching strategy in a clustered observational study? At first thought, one might start by matching clusters of individuals and th...
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作者：Blackwell, Matthew
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：In democratic countries, voting is one of the most important ways forcitizens to influence policy and hold their representatives accountable. And yet, in the United States and many other countries, rates of Voter turnout are alarmingly low. Every election cycle, mobilization efforts encourage citizens to vote and ensure that elections reflect the true will of the people. To establish the most effective way of encouraging voter turnout, this article seeks to differentiate between (1) the synerg...
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作者：Fan, Ailin; Song, Rui; Lu, Wenbin
作者单位：North Carolina State University
摘要：We propose a systematic method for testing and identifying a subgroup with an enhanced treatment effect. We adopts a change-plane technique to first test the existence of a subgroup, and then identify the subgroup if the null hypothesis on nonexistence of such a subgroup is rejected. A semiparametric model is considered for the response with an unspecified baseline function and an interaction between a subgroup indicator and treatment. A doubly robust test statistic is constructed based on thi...
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作者：Ma, Shujie; Li, Runze; Tsai, Chih-Ling
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Riverside; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：In quantile linear regression with ultrahigh-dimensional data, we propose an algorithm for screening all candidate variables and subsequently selecting relevant predictors. Specifically, we first employ quantile partial correlation for screening, and then we apply the extended Bayesian information criterion (EBIC) for best subset selection. Our proposed method can successfully select predictors when the variables are highly correlated, and it can also identify variables that make a contributio...
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作者：Heggeseth, Brianna C.
作者单位：Williams College
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作者：Juillard, Helene; Chauvet, Guillaume; Ruiz-Gazen, Anne
作者单位：Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information (ENSAI); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：The cross-classified sampling design consists in drawing samples from a two-dimensional population, independently in each dimension. Such design is commonly used in consumer price index surveys and has been recently applied to draw a sample of babies in the French Longitudinal Survey on Childhood, by crossing a sample of maternity units and a sample of days. We propose to derive a general theory of estimation for this sampling design. We consider the HorvitzThompson estimator for a total, and ...
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作者：Hanks, Ephraim M.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：We present an approach for modeling areal spatial covariance in observed genetic allele data by considering the stationary (limiting) distribution of a spatio-temporal Markov random walk model for gene flow. This stationary distribution corresponds to an intrinsic simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model for spatial correlation, and provides a principled approach to specifying areal spatial models when a spatio-temporal generating process can be assumed. We apply the approach to a study of spat...
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作者：Zhou, Qingning; Hu, Tao; Sun, Jianguo
作者单位：University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; Capital Normal University; Capital Normal University
摘要：Interval-censored failure time data arise in a number of fields and many authors have discussed various issues related to their analysis. However, most of the existing methods are for univariate data and there exists only limited research on bivariate data, especially on regression analysis of bivariate interval-censored data. We present a class of semiparametric transformation models for the problem and for inference, a sieve maximum likelihood approach is developed. The model provides a grea...
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作者：Barrientos, Andres F.; Jara, Alejandro; Quintana, Fernando A.
作者单位：Duke University; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：We propose a novel class of probability models for sets of predictor-dependent probability distributions with bounded domain. The proposal extends the DirichletBernstein prior for single density estimation, by using dependent stick-breaking processes. A general model class and two simplified versions are discussed in detail. Appealing theoretical properties such as continuity, association structure, marginal distribution, large support, and consistency of the posterior distribution are establi...
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作者：Dahl, David B.; Day, Ryan; Tsai, Jerry W.
作者单位：Brigham Young University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; University of the Pacific
摘要：We propose a random partition distribution indexed by pairwise similarity information such that Partitions compatible with the similarities are given more probability. The use of pairwise similarities, in the form of distances, is common in some clustering algorithms (e.g., hierarchical clustering), but we show how to use this type of information to define a prior partition distribution for flexible Bayesian modeling. A defining feature of the distribution is that it allocates probability amon...
