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作者：Wikle, Nathan B.; Zigler, Corwin M.
作者单位：University of Iowa; Brown University
摘要：Causal inference with spatial environmental data is often challenging due to the presence of interference: outcomes for observational units depend on some combination of local and nonlocal treatment. This is especially relevant when estimating the effect of power plant emissions controls on population health, as pollution exposure is dictated by: (i) the location of point-source emissions as well as (ii) the transport of pollutants across space via dynamic physical-chemical processes. In this ...
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作者：Li, Yang; Wu, Mingcong; Wu, Mengyun; Ma, Shuangge
作者单位：Renmin University of China; Renmin University of China; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; Yale University
摘要：The online chauffeured service demand (OCSD) research is an exploratory market study of designated driver services in China. Researchers are interested in the influencing factors of chauffeured service adoption and usage and have collected relevant data using a self-reported questionnaire. As self-reported count measure data is typically inflated, there exist challenges to its validity, which may bias estimation and increase error in empirical research. Motivated by the analysis of self-report...
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作者：Arza, Etor; Ceberio, Josu; Irurozki, Ekhine; Perez, Aritz
作者单位：Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM); University of Basque Country; IMT - Institut Mines-Telecom; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Telecom Paris
摘要：An experimental comparison of two or more optimization algorithms requires the same computational resources to be assigned to each algorithm. When a maximum runtime is set as the stopping criterion, all algorithms need to be executed in the same machine if they are to use the same resources. Unfortunately, the implementation code of the algorithms is not always available, which means that running the algorithms to be compared in the same machine is not always possible. And even if they are ava...
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作者：Bastian, Patrick; Basu, Rupsa; Dette, Holger
作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum
摘要：Injuries to the lower extremity joints are often debilitating, particularly for professional athletes. Understanding the onset of stressful conditions on these joints is, therefore, important in order to ensure prevention of injuries as well as individualised training for enhanced athletic performance. We study the biomechanical joint angles from the hip, knee and ankle for runners who are experiencing fatigue. The data is cyclic in nature and densely collected by body-worn sensors, which make...
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作者：Lee, Hwiyoung; Chen, Chixiang; Kochunov, Peter; Hong, L. Elliot; Chen, Shuo
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College Medical Hospital
摘要：Aging changes brain functions and structures in a downward trajectory and consequently leads to a decline in neurocognitive performance. Our research is motivated by understanding whether and to what extent the ageeffect on cognitive decline can be explained by neuroimaging measures. We consider a new mediation model with age as an independent variable, while treating neuroimaging data and cognitive function as the multiple mediators and outcome, respectively. Given that the brain is the prima...
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作者：Rios, Nicholas; Xue, Lingzhou; Zhan, Xiang
作者单位：George Mason University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Peking University; Peking University
摘要：It is quite common to encounter compositional data in a regression framework in data analysis. When both responses and predictors are compositional, most existing models rely on a family of log-ratio based transformations to move the analysis from the simplex to the reals. This often makes the interpretation of the model more complex. A transformation-free regression model was recently developed, but it only allows for a single compositional predictor. However, many datasets include multiple c...
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作者：Zhang, Siliang; Kuha, Jouni; Steele, Fiona
作者单位：East China Normal University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We define a model for the joint distribution of multiple continuous latent variables, which includes a model for how their correlations depend on explanatory variables. This is motivated by and applied to social scientific research questions in the analysis of intergenerational help and support within families, where the correlations describe reciprocity of help between generations and complementarity of different kinds of help. We propose an MCMC procedure for estimating the model which maint...
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作者：Sizelove, Richard; Zeng, Donglin; Lin, Dan -yu
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：In longitudinal studies, investigators are often interested in understanding how the time since the occurrence of an intermediate event affects a future outcome. The intermediate event is often asymptomatic such that its occurrence is only known to lie in a time interval induced by periodic examinations. We propose a linear regression model that relates the time since the occurrence of the intermediate event to a continuous response at a future time point through a rectified linear unit activa...
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作者：Jin, Bora; Herring, Amy H.; Dunson, David
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Duke University
摘要：In this paper we predict sea surface salinity (SSS) in the Arctic Ocean based on satellite measurements. SSS is a crucial indicator for ongoing changes in the Arctic Ocean and can offer important insights about climate change. We particularly focus on areas of water mistakenly flagged as ice by satellite algorithms. To remove bias in the retrieval of salinity near sea ice, the algorithms use conservative ice masks, which result in considerable loss of data. We aim to produce realistic SSS valu...
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作者：Sanbauer, Charles; Pan, Wei
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Methods utilizing instrumental variables have been a fundamental statistical approach to causal estimation in the presence of unmeasured confounding, usually occurring in nonrandomized observational data common to fields such as economics and public health. However, such methods traditionally make constricting linearity and additivity assumptions that are inapplicable to the complex modeling challenges of today. The growing body of observational data being collected may benefit from flexible r...
