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作者：Reichelstein, Stefan; Rohlfing-Bastian, Anna
作者单位：Stanford University; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
摘要：We examine a life-cycle cost concept that applies to both manufacturing and service industries in which upfront capacity investments are essential. Borrowing from the energy literature, we refer to this cost measure as the Levelized Product Cost (LC). Per unit of output, the levelized cost aggregates a share of the initial capacity investment with periodic fixed and variable operating costs. We relate this cost measure to the notion of full cost, as commonly calculated in managerial accounting...
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作者：Brown, Jason L.; Martin, Patrick R.; Moser, Donald V.; Weber, Roberto A.
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Zurich
摘要：Firms frequently attempt to increase profits by replacing some existing workers with new lower-wage workers. However, this strategy may be ineffective in an incomplete-contract environment because the new workers may provide lower effort in response to their lower wages, and hiring new lower-wage workers may damage the remaining original workers' reciprocal relationship with the firm. We conduct an experiment to examine this issue and find that when new lower-wage workers become available, fir...
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作者：Ohlson, James A.; Bilinski, Pawel
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; City St Georges, University of London
摘要：Research suggesting the existence of the accrual anomaly runs into the issue that risk serves as a competing explanation for abnormal returns. This paper proposes a novel approach to distinguish between risk and anomaly explanations for the negative association between accruals and returns. The intuition is that high-risk stocks should experience relatively high and low returns more often than low-risk stocks. Thus, a variable that has the opposite correlations with high returns than with low ...
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作者：Bailey, Charles D.
作者单位：University of Memphis
摘要：Psychopathy is characterized by deficits of conscience and empathy, and is measurable in nonclinical populations. It is one of the `Dark Triad'' of personality variables, but has received minimal attention in accounting literature, despite obvious implications for fraud. In the practice of empirical research, two sides of the Fraud Triangle,'' motive and opportunity, are in place, awaiting only rationalization. For one high on the psychopathy scale, rationalization of fraud is easy or moot. Wi...
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作者：Choi, Jongmoo Jay; Mao, Connie X.; Upadhyay, Arun D.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno
摘要：Barton (2001) and Pincus and Rajgopal (2002) show that earnings management through discretionary accruals and derivative hedging are partial substitutes in smoothing earnings before 1999. In this study, we investigate whether Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 133 regarding hedge accounting in 2000 has influenced the relative merit of the two earnings-smoothing methods. Based on a sample of S& P 500 nonfinancial firms during 1996-2006, we find that the substitution relation between derivative...
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作者：Lo, Alvis K.
作者单位：Boston College
摘要：This study examines the relationship between accounting credibility and firms' ability to fund their investments. Theory suggests that credible reporting resulting from external audits enables firms to attract external funds needed for their investments. The tests exploit monetary policy tightening that creates a liquidity shortage for banks, which, in turn, either requires banks to raise additional funds to restore liquidity or forces them to restrict their investments in the form of lending....
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作者：Arnold, Markus C.
作者单位：University of Bern
摘要：In a world characterized by increasing pressure from financial and product markets, the question of how exogenous constraints affect internal coordination and control processes has become increasingly important. This experiment investigates how two exogenous constraints that superiors can face in budget negotiation settings, increased opportunity costs and financial pressure to meet unit targets, affect budget negotiations and subordinate effort. The results show that both constraints induce m...
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作者：Chen, Xia; Cheng, Qiang; Lo, Alvis K.; Wang, Xin
作者单位：Singapore Management University; Boston College; University of Hong Kong
摘要：How to address managerial short-termism is an important issue for companies, regulators, and researchers. We examine the effect of CEO contractual protection, in the form of employment agreements and severance pay agreements, on managerial short-termism. We find that firms with CEO contractual protection are less likely to cut R&D expenditures to avoid earnings decreases and are less likely to engage in real earnings management. The effect of CEO contractual protection is both statistically an...
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作者：Evans, Mark E.; Houston, Richard W.; Peters, Michael F.; Pratt, Jamie H.
作者单位：Wake Forest University; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; Villanova University; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：Based on data collected from 616 experienced financial officers who use U.S. GAAP or IFRS and are domiciled in the U.S., Europe, or Asia, we examine how reporting standards (U.S. GAAP versus IFRS) and domicile (U.S. versus non-U.S.) affect earnings management (real versus accrual). U.S. firms using U.S. GAAP rely more heavily on real methods than non-U.S. firms that use either IFRS or U.S. GAAP and U.S. firms using IFRS. U.S. firms using U.S. GAAP operate in an environment that encourages real...
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作者：Plumlee, R. David; Rixom, Brett A.; Rosman, Andrew J.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; State University System of Florida; Florida International University; Fairleigh Dickinson University
摘要：Although lower-level auditors increasingly carry out mandatory analytical procedures (APs) in audits, they do not perform as well as partners and managers. In order to improve performance in APs by lower-level auditors, we investigated tasks requiring creativity, where training in metacognition consciously thinking about one's thought process improves task performance. As a result, we train lower-level auditors to use a sequential thought process comprised of two metacognitive skills: divergen...
