1996

最新文章

• Reducing the cost of demand uncertainty through accurate response to early sales AI翻译
  作者：Fisher, M; Raman, A
  作者单位：Harvard University
  摘要：Traditionally, fashion products have incurred high losses due to stockouts and inventory obsolence because long lead times coupled with a concentrated selling season force all or at least most production to be committed before demand information is available. Under a Quick Response system, lead times are shortened sufficiently to allow a greater portion of production to be scheduled in response to initial demand. We model and analyze the decisions required under Quick Response and give a metho...
• Valuing operational flexibility under exchange rate risk AI翻译
  作者：Huchzermeier, A; Cohen, MA
  作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：In this paper, we develop a stochastic dynamic programming formulation for the valuation of global manufacturing strategy options with switching costs. Overall, we adopt a hierarchical approach. First, exchange rates are modeled as stochastic diffusion processes that exhibit intercountry correlation. Second, the firm's global manufacturing strategy determines options for alternative product designs as well as supply chain network designs. Product options introduce international supply flexibil...
• Exploratory evidence on the behavior of quality costs AI翻译
  作者：Ittner, CD
  摘要：This study examines the time series behavior of quality costs reported by 49 manufacturing units of 21 companies. Analyses using both pooled annual data and plant-specific quarterly data indicate that the majority of units in the sample achieved ongoing reductions in nonconformance costs while maintaining or reducing reported prevention and appraisal costs. These findings are consistent with recent quality-based learning and continuous improvement models which suggest that, once an effective q...
• Forecasting and inventory management of short life-cycle products AI翻译
  作者：Kurawarwala, AA; Matsuo, H
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
  摘要：In this paper, we provide an integrated framework for forecasting and inventory management of short life-cycle products. The literature on forecasting and inventory management does not adequately address issues relating to short life-cycle products. We first propose a growth model that can be used to obtain accurate monthly forecasts for the entire life cycle of the product. The model avoids limiting data requirements of traditional methods. Instead, it extracts relevant information from past ...
• Effective inventory and service management through product and process redesign AI翻译
  作者：Lee, HL
  摘要：One of the major challenges to operational managers is product proliferation. Product proliferation makes it difficult to forecast demands accurately, and consequently, leads to high inventory investment and poor customer service. Such proliferation is often a result of the global nature of the market place. Different markets may have different requirements for the product, due to differences in taste, language, geographical environment, or government regulations. Another reason for product pr...
• The service facility startup and capacity model and its application to the National Cranberry case AI翻译
  作者：Li, L; Wang, X
  作者单位：Yale University
  摘要：This paper provides formal modeling for and analytical aid to the startup and capacity problem facing Receiving Plant #1 of National Cranberry Cooperative. The analysis is based on a finite-horizon, single-facility queueing system with general variability. Using marginal analysis, we derive simple formulas that the optimal starting time and processing capacity should satisfy. These formulas lead to the comparative statics results showing that the starting time should be optimally delayed or th...
• Sequential screening in semiconductor manufacturing .1. Exploiting spatial dependence AI翻译
  作者：Longtin, MD; Wein, LM; Welsch, RE
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：This paper addresses a problem of simultaneous quality and quantity control motivated by semiconductor manufacturing. After wafers are fabricated, the individual chips on the wafers are probed, or electrically tested, and, in some cases, the probing facility is the bottleneck for the entire IC manufacturing process. Under this assumption, we consider the problem of choosing the optimal start rate of lots of wafers into the fabrication facility and the optimal chip screening policy in front of ...
• Sequential screening in semiconductor manufacturing .2. Exploiting lot-to-lot variability AI翻译
  作者：Ou, JH; Wein, LM
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：This paper addresses the same quality management problem as Longtin, Wein and Welsch (1996), except that here screening is performed at the wafer level, rather than at the chip level. An empirical Bayes approach is employed: The number of bad chips on a wafer is assumed to be a gamma random variable, where the scale parameter is unknown and varies from lot to lot according to another gamma distribution. We fit the yield model to industrial data and test the optimal policy on these data. The nu...
• Learning from mistakes: A note on just-in-time systems AI翻译
  作者：Ocana, C; Zemel, E
  作者单位：Northwestern University
  摘要：In this paper we seek to reconcile two competing frameworks for inventory management, namely the classical ''optimization'' framework and JIT. While the first is predicated on the premise that the optimal level of inventory is obtained by balancing the costs and benefits of inventory, the latter claims that inventory is a form of waste and thus should be eliminated completely (but gradually). We show that some of the operational characteristics of JIT, as opposed to its rhetoric, can be obtain...
• Managing inventory with the prospect of obsolescence AI翻译
  作者：Song, JS; Zipkin, PH
  作者单位：Duke University
  摘要：How should inventory management respond when there is a possibility of imminent obsolescence (or, more generally, deteriorating demand)? We use an inventory-control model to address this question. The model incorporates a Markovian submodel to describe the uncertain events leading to obsolescence. These events and their uncertainties come in a variety of patterns. We devote considerable attention to specifying the submodel, and we compare a few alternatives numerically. Also, we compare optima...